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Physics > Electricity > Flashcards

Electricity Flashcards

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1
Q

Static electricity definition

A

Buildup of negative charge (electrons) which are released

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2
Q

An object is charged when

A

Electrons are added or taken away

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3
Q

Resistance definition

A

How hard it is for current to pass through a component / circuit

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4
Q

If you add resistors in a series circuit the current

A

Increases

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5
Q

If you add resistors in parallel the current

A

Decreases

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6
Q

AC meaning

A

The current constantly switches directions

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7
Q

DC meaning

A

Current that flows in a single direction

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8
Q

Where does DC come from 2 things

A

Battery
AC current through a diode

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8
Q

Current definition

A

Flow of electrons around a circuit

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9
Q

In a series circuit the current is

A

The same everywhere

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10
Q

In a parallel circuit the current

A

Is the sum of the current flowing through all the branches

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11
Q

Fixed resistor graph line

A

Straight line that passes through origin
y = current
x = potential difference

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11
Q

Filament bulb graph line

A

Passes through origin and levels off in positive and negative section
y = current
x = voltage

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12
Q

Diode graph line

A

At zero until positive voltage
through origin
y=current
x=voltage

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13
Q

LDR and Thermistor graph line

A

Hyperbola

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14
Q

Potential difference

A

Amount of energy transferred to each component by each unit of charge

15
Q

In a series circuit potential difference

A

The sum of all of the components voltage
The component with the most resistance receives the most voltage

16
Q

In a parallel circuit potential difference

A

Is the same in every branch

17
Q

Plug and wire of an electrical plug are coated in

A

Plastic

18
Q

Live wire colour

A

Brown

19
Q

Earth wire colour

A

Green

20
Q

Neutral wire colour

A

Blue

21
Q

What is the fuse connected to

A

Live wire

22
Q

Earth wire is used

A

To ground the electricity and provides a safe route for the electricty to go if the live wire touches the casing

23
Q

Electric field lines move what from positives

A

Away

24
Q

Electric field lines move what from negatives

A

Towards

25
Q

Charge is

A

The current flowing past a point in given time

26
Q

What is an ohmic conductor

A

Current is directly proportional to the resistance

27
Q

What happened when one of the components break in parallel

A

Nout

28
Q

UK mains frequency and voltage

A

50Hz 230V

29
Q

In parallel which path has the most voltage going towards it

A

The path with the most resistance

30
Q

Live wire

A

Provides potential difference for mains

31
Q

Neutral wire

A

Completes the circuit

32
Q

What do step up transformers do and why

A

Step up transformers increase the voltage and decrease the current so that there is more push of the electrons over a long distance and less current so less electrons bump into things which means that less heat is lost over long distances

33
Q

What do step down transformers do and why

A

Step down transformers decrease the voltage so that electricity is safe to use in homes and step down transformers increase current so it can be used in appliances and other things

Physics (8 decks)

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