Space occupying lesions

Question 1

What are the 5 layers of the scalp?

Answer 1

SCALP=
Skin
Connective tissue
Aponeurosis
Loose connective tissue
Pericranium

Question 2

What vessel is found directly behind the pterion?

Answer 2

middle meningeal artery

Question 3

What are the meningeal layers?

Answer 3

Dura mater
arachnoid mater
sbarachnoid space
pia mater

Question 4

Name the portion of dura overlying overlying the cerebellum.

Answer 4

Tentorium cerebelli

Question 5

Name the dura mater structure separating the two cerebral hemispheres.

Answer 5

falx cerebri

Question 6

Where is the CSF produced?

Answer 6

choroid plexus of the ventricles

Question 7

Where is the CSF reabsorbed?

Answer 7

into dural venous sinuses, via arachnoid granulations

Question 8

List the ventricles of the brain and the canals that connect them:

Answer 8

1. R and L lateral ventricles
2. Foraminae of Monro
3. 3rd ventricle
4. cerebral aqueduct
5. 4th ventricle
6. central canal (of the spinal cord) OR subarachnoid space

Question 9

What is hydrocephalus?

Answer 9

increased CSF volume

Question 10

List the 3 types (and locations) of bleeding in the cranial cavity:

Answer 10

1. Extradural haemorrhage
   - between bone and dura
2. Subdural haemorrhage
   - between dura and arachnoid
3. Subarachnoid haemorrhage
   - into CSF

Question 11

What layers does an epidural catheter pass during spinal anaesthesia?

Answer 11

1. Supraspinous ligament
2. interspinous ligament
3. ligamentum flavum
4. epidural space (fat, veins

Question 12

What layers does the needle pass during a lumbar puncture?

Answer 12

1. Supraspinous ligament
2. interspinous ligament
3. ligamentum flavum
4. epidural space (fat, veins
5. dura mater
6. arachnid mater
7. into subarachnoid space

Question 13

Where is a lumbar puncture performed?

Answer 13

between L3/L4 vertebrae

Question 14

At what vertebral level does the spinal cord end?

Answer 14

L2 evertebra