Space Maintainers Flashcards
What is the sagittally relationship?
horizontal
- molar relationship
- canine relationship
- overjet
What is the vertical relationship?
- overbite
can see if it’s open or deep looking at a frontal view
What is the transverse relationship?
- looking at patient from front and side to side
What is the E space?
the difference in the mesiodistal width of primary second molar and permanent second premolar
What is the purpose of space maintainer?
to maintain space between teeth that are erupting that aren’t leaving enough space for the tooth in between or it will cause ectopic eruption
T/F: inter proximal caries are common in primary dentition because they have wider contact points.
True
T/F: if don’t place a space maintainer if having to extract, you can lose the space for the tooth that hasn’t erupted yet
True
What are common causes of space loss?
- tipping movement of teeth
- primary teeth with inter proximal caries
- ectopically erupting teeth
- alteration in sequence of eruption
- ankylosis of primary molars
- transposition of teeth
- loss of primary molars
- congenitally missing teeth
- problems with eruption of permanent teeth
- abnormal resorption of primary molar roots
- abnormal dental morphology
- tipping movement of tooth mesially or distally in mandible bc 2 roots
- rotational movement of tooth in maxilla bc 3 roots
T/F: Space maintainers and space regainers are the same
False! Space maintainers are passive while space regainers are active in that they push teeth to realign in a correct position and give space for unerrupted tooth
Why do mandible teeth mesial/distalize? Why do maxillary teeth rotate? EXAM Q
- mandibular teeth have 1 or 2 roots so they can go either mesial or distal
- maxillary teeth often have 3 roots so the palatal root will make them rotate
When should we place a space maintainer if adjacent tooth is being extracted?
Place one if the other tooth is not in occlusion or not about to erupt anytime soon
- if already in occlusion/erupted, no need to place maintainer
- for both maxillary and mandibular teeth
When should you remove space maintainer?
When the tooth that the space was being maintained for has started erupting
What’s the first step in deciding between space maintainer and space regainer?
space analysis
(sagittally and vertical relationship)
What is the Hixon-Oldfather space analysis?
take a PA and measure width of the primary molar and the permanent premolar erupting below it
(not 100% reliable because angulation of radiographs)
What is the Tanaka-Johnson space analysis?
total arch length - sum of incisors - (predicted width) x 2 = available arch length
How to measure the total arch length for Tanaka-Johnson?
mesial from permanent molar on one side to the other on both arches
What do we need to remember for finding the sum of the incisors for Tanaka-Johnson?
maxillary use the mandibular incisors sum too
How do we solve for the predicted width for Tanaka-Johnson?
1) take the sum of the incisors and divide by 2
2) for maxilla, take that number and add 11
for mandible, take that number and add 10.5
3) multiply by 2
If the available arch length is -2, do we need a space maintainer or regainer for Tanaka-Johnson?
we need a space regainer
if negative # or 0= space regainer
If positive # = space maintainer
What appliance has a band on the molar and a fixture that rests on the hard palate?
Nance
- fixed appliance
What appliance has a band on the molar and rests on the premolars?
Band and loop
- fixed appliance
What appliance has a band and sits in gingiva/alveolar for extraction of secondary molars?
distal shoe
- fixed appliance
What appliance requires 4 permanent incisors for placement?
lower lingual holding arch
- fixed appliance
What appliance prevents rotational movement of molars?
trans palatal arch
T/F: Band-and-loop and distal shoes can cover more than one space.
False! Only cover one space
