Space

Question 1

Projectile

Answer 1

An object being acted upon by the downward force of gravity

Question 2

Why do projectiles have a curved path of motion?

Answer 2

There is seperate constant horizontal velocity and constant vertical acceleration (perpendicular to one another)

Question 3

Values for constant horizontal velocity

Answer 3

Velocity, displacement, time

Question 4

Values for constant vertical acceleration

Answer 4

Initial speed, final speed, acceleration, time

Question 5

Velocity

Answer 5

Speed with a direction

Question 6

Displacement

Answer 6

Distance with a direction from start to finish

Question 7

How do satellites work?

Answer 7

When fired at a high enough height, an object falls back towards the Earth at the same rate that the Earth curves away

Question 8

Moons

Answer 8

Natural satellites of planets

Question 9

Planets

Answer 9

Natural satellites of stars

Question 11

The higher the height of a satellite’s orbit…

Answer 11

… the longer its period

Question 12

Geostationary orbit

Answer 12

The period is the same time taken for the earth to rotate on its axis, so it appears to be stationary

Question 13

Altitude of geostationary orbit

Answer 13

36,000km

Question 14

Period of geostationary orbit

Answer 14

24 hours

Question 15

Use of geostationary orbit

Answer 15

Satellite TV, telocmmunications satellites

Question 16

Uses of artificial satellites

Answer 16

Satnav systems, weather forecasting, astronomy

Question 17

How old is the universe?

Answer 17

13.8B years approx.

Question 18

How many galaxies are in the universe?

Answer 18

200-2000B galaxies approx.

Question 19

How many stars are in the universe?

Answer 19

100-1000B stars approx.

Question 20

How do we increase our understanding of the universe?

Answer 20

Space exploration, looking up

Question 21

How do we use space exploration to better our understanding of the universe?

Answer 21

Launching satellites, probes, and telescopes among others

Question 22

How do we better our understanding of space by looking up?

Answer 22

Using telescopes that can detect different parts of the EM spectrum in space and on the ground

Question 23

Universe

Answer 23

Consists of many galaxies seperated by empty space

Question 24

Galaxy

Answer 24

A large cluster of stars

Question 25

Star

Answer 25

A large ball of matter undergoing nuclear fusion that emits light as well as other forms of EM radiation

Question 26

Planet

Answer 26

A large ball of matter that orbits a star, does not emit light

Question 27

Exoplanet

Answer 27

A planet orbiting a star not in our solar system

Question 28

Dwarf planet

Answer 28

An object that orbits a star but is not large or roughly spherical enough to be considered a planet

Question 29

Moon

Answer 29

A natural satellite, a lump of matter that orbits a planet

Question 30

Sun

Answer 30

The star that Earth orbits around, the centre of our solar system

Question 31

Asteroid

Answer 31

An orbitting object that is smaller than a dwarf planet, made of metals and rock

Question 32

Solar system

Answer 32

The system of planets that orbit our star

Question 33

Challenges of space travel

Answer 33

Space is an airless vaccuum and humans need a secure supply of air to surive, space is extremely cold and spacecraft need heating to be habitable, being in space for long periods can increase exposure to radiation

Question 34

Challenges of re-entry | Spacecraft

Answer 34

When a spacecraft re-enters the atmopshere, it is travelling at high speeds and can create heat that can damage the spacecraft if there isn't good shielding

Question 35

Re-entry aerodynamics

Answer 35

Temperature of air flow is so high that chemical bonds of diatomic air particles are broken which creates an electrically charged plasma around the aircraft

Question 36

How large is the universe

Answer 36

9.2x10^26 km wide at the minimum

Question 37

Metres in a light year

Answer 37

9.46x10^15 m

Question 38

Light year

Answer 38

The distance that light can travel in one year

Question 39

The Big Bang theory

Answer 39

The universe started at a point in time when all the energy and matter of our universe was condensed into an infinitely small volume Something caused a sudden explosion and the universe expanded

Question 40

How do gamma rays and x-rays better our understanding of the universe?

Answer 40

Extremely high energy particles, cosmic explosions and high speed collisions can be detected because material moving at high speeds emit gamma and x-rays

Question 41

How does ultraviolet better our understanding of the universe?

Answer 41

Very young stars, old stars, bright nebulae and white dwarf stars shine brightly n the UV region

Question 42

How does visible light better our understanding of the universe?

Answer 42

Helps us understand the chemical composition of stars

Question 43

How does infrared better our understanding of the universe?

Answer 43

Infrared observations allow us to see star forming regions and the centre areas of our galaxy, cool stars and interstellar clouds are detected

Question 44

How do radio waves better our understanding of the universe?

Answer 44

Used to detect the radiation left from the big bang; and give information about supernovae, pulars, and quasars

Question 45

Spectra

Answer 45

In line and continuous spectra, elements produce lines with specific colours and wavelengths seen as thin bands when heated

Question 46

Line spectra

Answer 46

A dark background with colourful bands

Question 47

Continuous spectra

Answer 47

A colourful background with dark bands