SP1 Motion Flashcards
What is a vector quantity?
Has a magnitude (size) and direction
What is a scalar quantity?
Has a magnitude (size) and no direction
Name 3 vector quantities
force, velocity, displacement, weight, acceleration, momentum
Name 3 scalar quantities
speed, distance, mass, energy, temperature, time
Define acceleration
Acceleration is the change in velocity in a certain amount of time
Formula for speed
speed = distance / time
Speed for walking, running, cycling and travelling by car
Walking - 1.4 m/s
Running - 3 m/s
Cycling - 6 m/s
Car in built-up area - 13 m/s
Distance/Time graph
Gradient represents…
the speed of the object
Distance/Time graph
Curves represent…
Steeper curve - increasing acceleration
Levelling off curve - decreasing acceleration
Formula for acceleration
acceleration (m/s^2) = change in velocity / time
Formula for uniform acceleration
v^2 - u^2 = 2 x a x X
final velocity^2 - initial velocity^2 = 2 x acceleration x distance
Define uniform acceleration
Acceleration due to gravity is uniform for objects in free fall. It’s equal to 10m/s^2 near the Earth’s surface
Velocity/Time graph
Gradient equals…
acceleration
Velocity/Time graph
Flat sections represent…
a steady speed
Velocity/Time graph
The steepness of the graph…
The steeper the graph, the greater the acceleration / deceleration
