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Physics > Indirectly Assessed > Flashcards

Indirectly Assessed Flashcards

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1
Q

How can we test human reaction time and what is the typical result?

A

Ruler drop with results of 0.2-0.6 seconds

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2
Q

What makes up a vehicle’s stopping distance?

A

Thinking distance + braking distance

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3
Q

What do waves transfer?

A

Energy and information in the direction they’re travelling without transferring matter

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4
Q

What is the frequency of a wave?

A

The number of complete cycles of the wave passing a certain point per second

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5
Q

What is the wavelength?

A

The length of a full cycle

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6
Q

What is the amplitude of a wave?

A

The displacement from the rest position to the crest or trough

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7
Q

What is the period of a wave?

A

Number of seconds it takes for one full cycle

Period = 1 / frequency

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8
Q

What is a transverse wave?

A

Vibrations are perpendicular to the direction of travel

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9
Q

Give 3 examples of transverse waves

A

EM waves, S-waves, ripples in water

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10
Q

What is a longitudinal wave?

A

Vibrations are parallel to the direction of travel

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11
Q

What are 2 examples of longitudinal waves?

A

Sound waves, P-waves

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12
Q

What did the lifecycle of a red supergiant star?

A

Nebula - protostar - main sequence star - red supergiant - supernova - black hole / neutron star

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13
Q

What is the lifecycle of a red giant star?

A

Nebula - protostar - main sequence star - red giant - white dwarf

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14
Q

Why are some telescopes in space?

A
  • Earth atmosphere doesn’t block light
  • no light pollution
  • no air pollution which reflects light
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15
Q

What sort of wave are EM waves?

A

Transverse

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16
Q

What speed do EM waves travel at in a vacuum?

A

The same speed

17
Q

Give an example of EM waves transferring energy from a source to an absorber

A

Warming up by an electrical heater, infrared waves transfer energy to thermal energy store of heater, and then to your thermal energy store

18
Q

What order do the EM waves go in?

A

Radio, micro, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays

19
Q

What has the longest wavelength, lowest frequency EM wave?

A

Radio waves

20
Q

What has the shortest wavelength, highest frequency EM wave?

A

Gamma rays

21
Q

How do you measure the speed of water ripples?

A

Using a strobe light and alter the frequency until the wave pattern appears to stop moving

22
Q

What does it mean when the wave pattern stops moving using a strobe light?

A

The frequency of the waves and the strobe light are equal

23
Q

How do you measure the velocity of sound in the air?

A

Using an oscilloscope to find the wavelength of the sound waves generated

24
Q

What is reflection?

A

When the incoming ray is neither absorbed or transmitted, but instead sent back

25
Q

What is transmission of waves?

A

The wave carries only travelling though a new material

26
Q

What is the absorption of a wave?

A

The wave transfers energy to the material’s energy stores

27
Q

What is refraction?

A

When a wave hits a boundary at an angle and this change is speed causes a change in direction

28
Q

Refraction

The wave bends towards the normal of it…

A

…slows down

29
Q

Refraction

The wave bends away from the normal if it…

A

Speeds up

30
Q

What is a Ray diagram?

A

Shows the path that a wave travels

31
Q

What is specular reflection?

A

Waves are reflected by a single direction by a smooth surface

32
Q

What is diffuse reflection?

A

When waves are reflected by a rough surface and the waves are reflected in all firsctjons

33
Q

How does potential danger of EM waves increase?

A

EM danger increases as frequency increases

34
Q

What can changes in atoms and nuclei cause?

A
  • generate radiations over a wide frequency range

- be caused by absorption of a range of radiations

35
Q

How can radio waves be produced, or induce themselves?

A

By oscillations in electrical circuits

Physics (9 decks)

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