SP 16- cold Wx ops Flashcards
how are Icing conditions defined?
rpc
Icing conditions exist when OAT (on the ground) or TAT (in-flight) is 10°C or below, and any of the following exist:
• visible moisture (clouds, fog with visibility of one statute mile (1600m) or less, rain, snow, sleet, ice crystals, and so on) is present, or
• ice, snow, slush, or standing water is present on the ramps, taxiways, or runways.
conditions for takeoff with frost?
rpc
Takeoff with light coatings of frost, up to 1/8 inch (3mm) in thickness, on lower wing surfaces due to cold fuel is allowable,
however, all leading edge devices, all control surfaces, and upper wing surfaces must be free of snow, ice and frost.
Thin hoarfrost is acceptable on the upper surface of the fuselage provided all vents and ports are clear.
takeoffs on wet or contaminated runways. calculation limitations are?
• for wet runways, reduced thrust (fixed derate, assumed temperature method, or both) is allowed provided suitable takeoff performance accountability is made for the increased stopping distance on a wet
surface
• for runways contaminated by slush, snow, standing water, or ice, reduced thrust (fixed derate) is allowed provided takeoff performance accounts for the runway surface condition. Reduced thrust using assumed temperature method, whether alone or in
combination with a fixed derate, is not allowed.
The engine is considered free of ice before engine start if:
• the engine has been manually de-iced, or
• the engine has been visually inspected per the Aircraft
Maintenance Manual (AMM)
• the engine was run up to a minimum of 20 TPR (42% N1) for at least 30 seconds during taxi-in, less than 5 minutes before engine shutdown.
on ground, if engine anti-ice is switched ON & the EAI indication is blank, what should you do?
confirm the area behind the airplane is clear, then increase thrust until EAI indication shows (no more than 10% above idle). Confirm the EAI indication shows, then
resume normal thrust management.
when should you taxi with flaps UP?
If taxi route is through ice, snow, slush or standing water in low temperatures or if precipitation is falling with temperatures below freezing, taxi out with the flaps up.
what are the Run-ups needed In icing conditions during Taxi for TO?
(rpc)
If OAT is at or below 3°C and at or above -7°C:
Check that the area behind the airplane is clear.
Run-up to a minimum of 20 TPR (42% N1) for at least 30 seconds at intervals no greater than 60 minutes.
If OAT is below -7°C:
Check that the area behind the airplane is clear.
Run-up to a minimum of 20 TPR (42% N1) for at least 30 seconds within 60 minutes.
If takeoff is not completed within 60 minutes after the first runup, manually de-ice the engines before takeoff.
Note: If the time since the last de-icing procedure or run-up is more than 60 minutes, the engine must be de-iced per the AMM procedure.
Eng Oil temperature limit in cold WX ops?
Oil temperature must be above the amber limit before
takeoff.
When should you perform an eng’ Run Up before TO?
When engine anti-ice is required and the OAT is 3°C or below, the takeoff must be preceded by a static engine run-up. Use the following procedure:
Run-up to a minimum of 50% N1 and a maximum of 55% N1 for at least 2 seconds to shed any possible ice on the fan.
when & how should you perform Fan Ice Removal during flight?
If moderate to severe icing conditions are encountered:
During flight in moderate to severe icing conditions for prolonged periods, if fan icing is suspected due to high engine vibration, the fan blades must be cleared of any ice. Do the following procedure on both engines, one engine at a time: quickly reduce thrust to idle for 5 seconds then restore the required thrust. If vibration persists, advance thrust lever to Max Climb N1 for at least 2 seconds, then resume normal thrust management.
when should we perform an altitude correction due to cold temperature?
An altitude correction due to cold temperature is not needed for the following conditions:
• while under ATC radar vectors
• when maintaining an ATC assigned flight level (FL)
• when the reported airport temperature is above 0°C or if the airport temperature is at or above the minimum published temperature for the procedure being flown
Apply the altitude correction table when needed:
• apply corrections to all published minimum departure, en route and approach altitudes, including missed approach altitudes, according to the table below. Advise ATC of the corrections.
• MDA/DA settings should be set at the corrected minimum altitudes for the approach.
…
when should we not retract the flaps & slats after landing?
Do not retract the flaps and slats after landing if any of the following conditions occur:
• flight with flaps or slats extended was prolonged (for example, due to extended maneuvering, holding, or missed approach) in icing conditions before landing.
• an accumulation of airframe ice is suspected (for example, indicated by wing anti-ice active during the approach).
• engine anti-ice is needed on the ground.
• operation in icing conditions on a runway, or taxiway, observed as contaminated.
Post-flight inspection by qualified personnel is needed to ensure the flap and slat areas are free of ice and contaminants before retracting the flaps and slats.
what are the Run-ups needed In icing conditions during Taxi after landing?
Run-up to a minimum of 20 TPR (42% N1) for at least 30 seconds at intervals no greater than 60 minutes.
If the run-up procedure is not done (either it cannot be done, or time to gate is less than 60 minutes) do one of the following:
Record the taxi-in time without an engine run-up in the airplane logbook or other approved document.
Do the run-up procedure less than 5 minutes before the arrival at the gate and record this in the airplane logbook or other approved document.
limitations for flying in rain, hail or sleet?
Flight should be conducted to avoid thunderstorms, hail activity or visible moisture over storm cells. To the maximum extent possible, moderate to heavy rain, hail or sleet should be avoided.
Engine Fire Bottle (AFM limitation):
If the airplane has been parked, un-powered, in an environment below -40° F (-40°C)
…
Verify the appropriate warming procedure was accomplished, prior to engine start.
