Southern France Flashcards
(Southern France)
This region has a ______1_______ climate with summer temperatures often in excess of 30℃, _____2____winters and ___3___ rainfall levels especially during the growing season. Consequently, I’m most years this area can offer ideal conditions for growing grapes.
1= warm Mediterranean 2= mild 3= low
Cool dry winds blow from the north, cooling the eastern and western ends of the region. The ____1____ blows down the Rhone valley and the ____2____ blows through the gap between the Massif Central and the Pyrenees.
1= mistral
2= tramontaneトレマンテイン
アルプスおろし、冷たく乾いた北風
The warm dry climate means that the biggest grape growing challenge is ____1______, whereas fungal diseases are less of a problem here than anywhere else in France.
However, the region can occasionally experience _____2_______.
1= drought 2= summer floods
What are the 6 red principal varieties and 1 other red grape?
Grenache Syrah Carignan Mourvèdre Merlot Cabernet Sauvignon
Cinsault
What are the 2 principal white grape varieties and 2 other white grapes?
Chardonnay
Sauvignon Blanc
Viognier
Picpoulピクプール
The most important local varieties include _____1_____and ____2____. 1 is well suited to the warm, dry summer climate, whereas 2 tends to perform in the cooler sites.
1= Grenache 2= Syrah
_____1____ is also widely grown. This grape is naturally high in tannin, acidity and colour but lack of fruit or finesse, although old vine 1 on poor soil can produce quality wines. It’s popularity in the past was due to its ability to produce enormous yields.
Carignan
There are smaller plantings of ____1____, which is used in rose production or to add red fruit flavours to red blends.
1= Cinsault
Semi-carbonic maceration is practised by some producers as it can play an important role in ___________1______________.
softening the tannins in Carignan.
This technique does not involve filling the vats with CO2. The vats are filled with whole bunches. The grapes at the bottom of the vat are crushed under the weight of the grapes above and some juice is released. Ambient yeast start to ferment the juice. This fermentation produces CO2, which fills the vat and the remaining intact berries undergo carbonic maceration. As the intact grapes begin to split and release their juice the grapes are pressed and yeast complete the fermentation off the skins. What is this method? It can play an important role in softening the tannins in Carignan.
Semi-carbonic maceration
There are a number of local varieties that are grown throughout the region and what is the best known, producing white wines with refreshing high acidity and green fruit and citrus flavours?
Picpoul
ピクプール
_____1_____ is a generic appellation that covers all the appellation vineyards from the Spanish border to Nîmesニーム.
Languedocラングドック
Above Languedoc there are a number of more geographically specific appellations.
List 6 appellations.
Côtes du Roussillonルシヨン Côtes du Roussillon Villages Fitouフィトゥー Corbieres コルビエール Minervoisミネルヴォア Picpoul de Pinetピクプールドピネ
______1________ is more constantly rugged and mountainous than the other areas of the Languedoc. Bright sunlight, low rainfall and particularly strong winds can produce concentrated wines. The best vineyards are in the north and qualify for ____________2____________.
1= Côtes du Roussillon 2= Côtes du Roussillon Villages
______1______, just to the north of Côte du Roussillon Villages, is split into two seperate areas: a warm coastal strip that produces fuller-bodied wines and another cooler area inland and at altitude, where lighter wines predominate.
Fitouフィトゥー