South-West/Sud-Ouest Flashcards
Vineyard location for South-West
The majority of South-West vineyards are located on the rolling hills and river terraces of the Aquitaine Basin
What is the climate of South-West
continental
The majority of the South-West’s vineyards lie in the Aquitaine Basin. Some of the eastern vineyard areas are outside this. On which geographical feature do you find these vineyards?
Massif Central
What has the South West region be called in the past?
known as Gallia Aquitania (roman) and Aquitaine – as well as Gascony (middle ages)
Who established the vineyards in South West?
Roman, and viticulutre was est before bordeaux.
Where was South West wines traded out of orgininally?
Bordeaux ports to England. Once Bordeaux wine region grew, it saw SW as a competition and revoked trade from their ports until all of Bordeaux wines were sold.
Who is D’Artagnan from SW?
famous hereo from the Three Musketeers.
what foods is Gascony and the Dordogne known for in SW?
truffle, fois gras, chestnuts, goose, duck, armagnac.
Which of the three South-West sub-regions is the most spread out?
Garonne, Tarn and Lot
Cab Franc + Magdeleine Noire Des Charentes made what?
Merlot
Prunelard/Prunelart + Magdeleine Noire Des Charentes made what?
Malbec
Cab Franc + Gros Cabernet made what?
Carmenere
Great achievement from the SW?
Micro-Oxygenation (also called Mox, or Micro Bullage) which soften tannis and elimates reduction issues.
One of the greatest recent advancements in red wine production – micro-oxygenation – originated in South-West France in Madiran AOC by Patrick Ducournau in 91, for Tannat’s famous hard Tannins.
Where is Dordogne / Bergerac?
Northern most area of SW, by Bordeaux. And Dorodgne River flows by it. Sits on massif central.
What is the Dordogne / Bergerac soil?
Clay/Limestone
What is the climate of Dordogne / Bergerac?
continental with more sunnier days then Bordeaux.
White grapes of Dordogne / Bergerac
Sauv B and Semillon.
Semillion used for sweeter wines especially in Monbazillac.
Rose Grapes of Dordogne / Bergerac?
Sauv Gris
Red Grapes of Dordogne / Bergerac
Cab Sauv, Cab Franc, Merlot and Cot.
Bergerac AOC
must be a blend of two varieties and contain 50% of Primary grape.
White grapes (p): Sauv B, Semillon, Muscadelle. other: ugni blanc, chenin blanc, Ondenc.
Rose: Sauvignon Gris
Red grape (p): Cab sauv, merlot, cab franc, cot. other grapes: Fer Servadou and Merille.
Cotes de Bergerac AOC
Makes red and semi sweet to sweet wines.
White grapes (p): Sauv B, Semillon, Muscadelle. other: ugni blanc, chenin blanc, Ondenc.
Rose: Sauvignon Gris
Red grape (p): Cab sauv, merlot, cab franc, cot.
Whites can be made in wide range of sweetness levels. can not be dry.
reds are blend of at least 2, and must be aged in oak barrels. higher alocohol than Bergerac AOc.
Monbazillac AOC
white sweet wines and selection de grains Nobles/SGN wines.
White grapes (p): Sauv B, Semillon, Muscadelle. other: ugni blanc, chenin blanc, Ondenc.
Rose: Sauvignon Gris
Largest dessert wines within France. Wines are sweeter then Sauternes. hand harvest, usually made from Botrytized grapes. 80% P and abv minimum of 12%
Saussignac AOc
sweet white wines, small AOC, similar to Monbazillac. Late harvest and/or noble. P grapes must be made in a blend.
White grapes (p): Sauv B, Semillon, Muscadelle. other: ugni blanc, chenin blanc, Ondenc.
Rose: Sauvignon Gris
Garonne, Tarn and Lot
The Tarn and Lot rivers are tributaries of the Garonne. Each of these rivers has vineyards along their banks and as a consequence this is the most spread-out sub-region of the South-West from bordeaux to central massif
What are the white grapes of Garonne, Tarn and Lot
Len de l’El/Loin de l’Oeil dry and sweet wines in Gaillac. Mauzac Blanc is important to Gaillac, especially sparkling, others are Saint Come and Fel, by the Lot river area.
What are the rose grapes of Garonne, Tarn and Lot
Mauzac rose is in Gaillac for dry and sweet wines and sparkling by methode ancestrale and methode traditionnelle.
What are the red grapes of Garonne, Tarn and Lot
Cot throughout.
Fer SErvadou is red for Gaillac and is known as Braucol.
Negrette is for Fronton.
Fronton AOC
known for Negrette but alos uses Cab Sauv, Cab Franc Cot, Fer Servadou, Cinsaut, Gamay, Syrah and Merille. All wines must be 40% Negrette.
Soils are clay and boulbenes.
Gaillac AOc
Produces a range from white, rose, red, sweet whites, vendanges tardives, sparkling.
white - Len de l’El/Loin de l”oeil, Mauzac blanc, muscadelle and others are sauv blanc and ondenc.
reds are Duras, Syrah, Fer Servadou, plus Cab Franc, Merlot, Prunelard, Gamay.
Cahors AOC
known for Cot. Plus Merlot and Tannat. Cot locally is known as Auxerrois.
vines are on limestone platueas, causses or gravelly sloes and river terrace.
Black wines of Cahor.
Gaillac Wine Stlyes
Gaillac Blanc Sec: Dry Mauzac, Mauzac Rose, Muscadelle and Len de l’El/Loin de l’Oeil
Gaillac Rose: Two varieties at least: Duras, Syrah, Fer Servadou. direct press or saignee.
Gaillac Rouge: Two varieties at least: Duras, Syrah, Fer Servadou. These must be the majority.
Gaillac Blanc Sec Perle - prickly, made by carbon dioxide, malolactic conversion (before or after CO2). Dry Mauzac, Mauzac Rose, Muscadelle and Len de l’El/Loin de l’Oeil
Gaillac Sparkling Methode Traditionnellel: primary: Len de l’El/Loin de l’Oeil, 9 months on less.
Gaillac Ancestral Method: Mauzac Blanc and or Mauzac Rose. Brut, demi sec, doux depending on sugar levels.
Gaillac Doux: Very Ripe or overripe grapes. Len de l’El/Loin de l’Oeil, Mauzac Muscadelle.
Gaillac Vendanges Tardives: Len de l’El/Loin de l’Oeil - passerillage or noble rot. hand harvest with lots of passes.
Gaillac Primeur:
- Red is semi carbonic from Gamay and is released third thursday of nov.
- white is Dry Mauzac, Mauzac Rose, Muscadelle and Len de l’El/Loin de l’Oeil
Which rivers flow either side of Fronton AOC?
Tarn and Garonne
Pyrenees is named by
the mountains there, all AOCS are in their foothills. firm dry winds over the mountains chase away humidity.
What white grapes of the Pyrenees
Gros Manseng - for Jurancon, Saint Mont and Pacherenc du Vic Bilh.
Petit Manseng - high sugar levels. used in sweet wines for Jurancon and Pacherenc du Vic Bilh
What red grapes of the Pyrenees
Tannat - Madiran and Saint Mont
Cab franc and cab sauv are used as blending.
lesser used local grapes are Manseng Noir and Courbu Noir.
Madiran AOc
red only - Tannat primary (50% of blend), and cab franc, cab sauv and Fer Servadou.
Fer Servadou is known locally as Pinenc and cab franc as Bouchy.
Bearn AOC wines are also made in the territory of Madiran AOC.
soils are pebble studded limestone rich clay
Pacherenc du Vic Bilh AOC
dry whites and sweet whites same geography as Madiran AOC.
grapes: Gros Manseng, Petit Manseng, Courbu, Petit Courbu. others are Arrufiac, Sauv Blanc.
must contain at least two grapes.
Bearn AOC wines are also made in the territory of Pacherenc du Vic Bilh AOC
