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French Wine Scholar SC > Languedoc Rousillon > Flashcards

Languedoc Rousillon Flashcards

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1
Q

what is Languedoc surrounded by?

A

Mediterranean Sea on coast line, south east is Rhone, Roussillon in the south, Massif Central in the north. Pyrenees in SW, Cevennes MTs in the north east.

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2
Q

what is Languedoc climate

A

Mediterranean

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3
Q

what is Episode CEvenol?

A

A weather phenomenon generally happening in autumn.

hot air coming over the mediterranean sea, to the cevenees to the mountains which blocks it. The cool clouds traps the hot air which causes heavy rain.

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4
Q

What is Languedoc’s 3 topgraphy areas?

A
  1. coastal plans, hillsides and mountains, atlantic corridor.
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5
Q

What area is the Costal plans

A

Flat land stretches between Narbonne, Beziers to Montpellier. AOCs include: Picpoul de Pinet, Muscat de Miravel, Muscat de Frontignan. Soils are fertial. high yielding grapes

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6
Q

What are is the Hillsides and Mountains area?

A

AOCs: Pic Saint-Loup, Minervois, Saint Chinian, Faugeres. Elevation and Soils are well drained

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7
Q

What area is the Atlantic Corridor

A

AOCs: Cabardes, Malepere and Limoux. hilly, and bordeaux varieties.

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8
Q

What is Garrigue?

A

a stoney earth that can only support growth of shrubs, oak, lavender. It actaully has three definitions in the south: Soil, Vegetation that grow on it, and the aromas of the herbs crushed.

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9
Q

What is the Via Domintia

A

It is an important road that the romans built to connect Gaul to Itally and Spain.

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10
Q

Wh

A
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11
Q

at is Occitania?

A

In the Middle Ages, the entire southern half of France – with the exception of the Basque Country and Roussillon – spoke Occitan or the Langue d’oc:

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12
Q

T/F the first sparkling wine was made in Languedoc?

A

True - is what is said. Apparently monks from Blanquette de Limoux made it in 1531

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13
Q

What is the Canal du Midi

A

Canal took over a decade to make, incrediable engineering to make it. UNESCO world hertiage site in 1996. Short cut between the Mediterraean to the Atlantic, by bypassing the Iberian Pennisula.

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14
Q

T/F - Languedoc was the first french wine region to plant on American rootstock after Phylloxera?

A

True

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15
Q

T/F - Languedoc had the first wine co op?

A

True - 1905 in Maraussan near Beziers

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16
Q

What happened in 1972?

A

Languedoc and Roussillon were offically joined in a single adminstrative region knows as Pays d’Oc IGP. IGP Pays d’Oc was created in 1987. The flexibility of this new IGP category – originally called Vin de Pays – allowed producers to plant popular international varieties, such as Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot and Chardonnay. Today, over 100 grape varieties are grown in Languedoc. The majority of these are IGP approved – a smaller list is AOC approved.

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17
Q

Which canal links the Mediterranean port of Sète to the Garonne River in Toulouse?

A

Canal de Garonne

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18
Q

Which is the main white variety in the wines of La Clape?

A

Bourboulenc

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19
Q

Which red grape is enjoying a surge in popularity in Languedoc?

A

Carignan

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20
Q

What is the vine training in Languedoc?

A

Traditionally was Gobelet, newer are trained in Guyot. Vineyards tend to be east - west facing maximum sun exposure.

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21
Q

Languedoc and organic?

A

As of 2019, Languedoc – and Roussillon combined – contained 38% of France’s – and 7% of the world’s – organic vineyards. There were also 47 certified biodynamic domaines.

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22
Q

Languedoc DGCs

A

only make red wines except for Cabrieres. It only makes Rose and Reds

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23
Q

Wines from AOC Languedoc

A

have to be blended at least two grape varietites. reds and roses are based on Grenache, Lledoner Pelut, Syrah and Mourvedre. Whites are Bourboulenc, Clairette, Grenache Blanc, Marsanne, Piqueopoul Blanc, Roussane, Tourbat, Vermentino.

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24
Q

Languedoc Red wine AOC

A

Fitou (carignan and Grenache), Minervois La Liviniere AOC, Corbieres Boutenac AOC, Terrasses du Larzac AOC

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25
Q

Languedoc White, Sparkling and Red AOC

A

Limoux AOC (Mauzac Blanc, Chardonnay Chenin Blanc, Merlot)

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26
Q

Languedoc Red and Rose wine AOC

A

Malepere AOC (cab franc, merlot), Cabardes AOC (cab, merlot, cab franc, Grenache, Syrah)

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27
Q

Languedoc White, Rose and Red AOC

A

Minervois AOC, Corbieres AOC, Saint Chinian AOC, Faugeres AOC, Pic Saint Loup AOC

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28
Q

What AOC is Blanquette de Limoux and Blanquette Méthode Ancestrale apart of?

A

Limoux (both wines are mostly made from Mauzac)

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29
Q

Languedoc White and Red AOC

A

La Clape AOC,

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30
Q

Languedoc White AOC

A

Picpoul de Pinet AOC

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31
Q

Languedoc white and semi sweet and fortified AOC

A

Claireette du Langwudoc AOC

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32
Q

T/F - Languedoc AOC also covers the Roussillon vineyard area.

A

True

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33
Q

Which is the largest non-regional appellation in the Languedoc?

A

Corbières

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34
Q

Fortified AOC in Languedoc

A

Muscat de Lunel - galets soil, harvest early in august.

Muscat de Mireval Med breeze, soils are clay/limestones and sprinkle of galet. Producers in Vic La Gardiole can label Muscat de Mireval or Frontignan

Muscat de Frontignan oldest, clay/limestone w/ sand. most powerful

Muscat de Saint Jean de Minervois AOC - higher sweetness 12.5, contentintal influence, very fragrant and floral.

Clairette du Languedoc AOC - makes dry and sweet

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35
Q

Three of the four Languedoc VDNs must have a minimum sweetness level of 11%/110 g/l R.S. The fourth VDN AOC requires a minimum of 12.5%/125 g/l R.S. – which AOC is that?

A

Muscat de Saint Jean de Minervois AOC

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36
Q

How many IGPs?

A

20 IGPS including the regional Pays d’Oc IGP. Frances largest is Pays and covers all of Languedoc and Rousillon. Pays has 58 grapes,

37
Q

What percentage of France’s varietal wines is produced as Pays d’Oc IGP?

A

92%

38
Q

Which AOC is made up of two separate zones of production within the southern part of Corbières?

A

Fitou

39
Q

Which two Languedoc AOCs are known for single-varietal wines?

A

Clairette du Languedoc

Picpoul de Pinet

40
Q

Which grape variety is used to make Blanquette Méthode Ancestrale?

A

Mauzac

41
Q

Which Languedoc AOC has Chenin Blanc as a Primary grape variety?

A

Limoux

41
Q

The limestone outcrop known as the Falaise de l’Hortus (Cliff of Hortus) is found in which Languedoc AOC?

A

Pic Saint-Loup

42
Q

Which Languedoc AOC is in the foothills of the Cévennes mountains?

A

Faugères

43
Q

Which is the oldest and largest of the four Muscat VDN AOCs in Languedoc?

A

Muscat de Frontignan

44
Q

As of 2020, how many DGCs are there in Languedoc AOC?

A

11

45
Q

Languedoc terms for grape varietls:

A

Grenache: Garnacha

Mourvèdre: Monastrell

Carignan: Cariñena

Macabeu: Macabeao

46
Q

What styles of wine are produced in Limoux AOC.

A

Dry white, Rose, Red, Sparkling White,

47
Q

Which is unique about Languedoc Cabrières compared to all the other Languedoc DGCs?

A

It makes rosé wines as well as red

48
Q

Rousillon climate?

A

Med but always windy. and has 8 different winds

49
Q

how many winds impact Rousillon?

A

8 different winds, but Tramontane in the north desiccates the berries and incresing sugar concentration and reducing yields.

50
Q

Difference between langudeoc and rousillon

A

R - intense pressure/bulking and more moutains - many vineyards on foot hills on the pyrenees.
L - mix area of vineyards from flat to hills

51
Q

which three rivers cut through Rousillon

A

Agly (most fav vineyards are near it), Tet and Tech

52
Q

What type of soil in Rousillon?

A

iron rich sandy clay soil but diverse. lower plans (alluvial) are planted with white and stoney sites higher up are red.

53
Q

Which mountain range forms the northern boundary of Roussillon?

A

Corbières

54
Q

What are Roussillon first three AOC

A

Rivesaltes, Banyuls and Maury

Later - Muscat de Rivesaltes 1956, than Banylus Grand Cru in 1962,

55
Q

How much VDN does Roussillon make in French?

A

80% of white vins doux naturels

56
Q

Roussillon was at one stage part of which island Kingdom?

A

Majorca

57
Q

Which Treaty ceded Roussillon to France?

A

Treaty of the Pyrenees

58
Q

What is the main grape variety used to produce white VDNs in Roussillon?

A

Grenache Blanc

59
Q

What is the main grape variety used to produce red VDNs in Roussillon?

A

Grenache

60
Q

Vine Training in Roussillon

A

Gobelet

61
Q

What is Rancio Wines?

A

Oxidative methods turning dark brown or tawny and can be red, white or rose.

62
Q

As of 2018, what percentage of Roussillon’s vineyards are farmed organically?

A

20%

63
Q

In Roussillon – and Languedoc – which red grape variety is often fermented using carbonic maceration?

A

Carignan

64
Q

How many regional AOCs does Roussillon have?

A

Roussillon has two regional AOCs – Languedoc and Côtes du Roussillon. Côtes du Roussillon AOC is Roussillon’s largest by volume – its wines are made in a variety of styles, from youthful and light to more complex and concentrated.

65
Q

Roussillon Red AOC

A

Cotes du Roussillon Villages AOC (grenache, syrah, mourvedre, carignan) and Maury (sec) AOC (Grenache)

66
Q

Which is the largest AOC in Roussillon?

A

Côtes du Roussillon

67
Q

Rousillon white, rose and red AOC

A

Collioure AOC - grenache blanc, macabeu, marsane, roussanne, tourbat, vermetino

68
Q

Rousillon fortified wine AOC

A

Muscat de Rivesaltes AOC (10%) covers most of R.

Muscat de Noel - marketed for christmas

Riversaltes - makes red, white and fortified wines (4.5 -15%) shares same zone as Muscat de Riversaltes except for Banyuls/Collioure

68
Q

Roughly what percentage of Roussillon’s wine production was bottled as Languedoc AOC in 2019?

A

2%

68
Q

Which of these VDNs is only made reductively?

A

Muscat de Rivesaltes

69
Q

Which IGP is the most used in Roussillon?

A

Côtes Catalanes

70
Q

Côtes Catalanes IGP can be used for rancio style wines – how long must these be aged for before being sold?

A

Until August 31 of the fifth year after harvest

71
Q

Which of these rivers is in Roussillon?

A

Agly, tet, and tech

72
Q

What effect does the Tramontane wind have on the vineyards?

A

Reduces humidity

73
Q

What wine styles of wine can be made in Côtes du Roussillon Villages AOC?

A

Dry red only

74
Q

Banyuls AOC shares the same area with which other Roussillon AOC?

A

Collioure

75
Q

What are the large glass jars used for maturing VDN called?

A

Bonbonnes

76
Q

Grenat and Rimage VDN

A

Reductive

77
Q

Tuilé, Hors d’Age, Ambré, Traditionnel VDN

A

Oxidative

78
Q

Rancio VDN

A

Very oxidative

79
Q

In 2018 what was the most planted red grape in Roussillon?

A

Grenache

80
Q

In 2018 what was the most planted white grape in Roussillon?

A

Muscat à Petits Grains Blanc

81
Q

What style of wine does Banyuls Grand Cru AC produce?

A

Red VDN only

82
Q

Banyuls makes red, rosé and white VDNs on steeply terraced slopes that are comprised of…what?

A

Schist

83
Q

What term is used for a reductively aged red Banyuls?

A

Rimage

84
Q

Côte Vermeille IGP covers the same area as…?

A

Banyuls/ Collioure

85
Q

Maury AOC produces Fortified White and Fortified Red wines. What other style can also be produced here?

A

Dry red only

French Wine Scholar SC (12 decks)

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