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Geography > South Asia > Flashcards

South Asia Flashcards

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1
Q

Which countries does South Asia border?

A

Iran, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, China, and Mayanmar

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2
Q

Which bodies of water does South Asia border?

A

Bay of Bengal, Indian Ocean, and Arabian Sea

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3
Q

What are the three physiographic regions of the South Asian region?

A

Nothern mountains, southern (deccan) pleateau, and River lowlands

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4
Q

Where are the Northern mountains?

A

Hindu Kush and Korakoran ranges, Himalayas, Bhutan and Arunachal Pradesh

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5
Q

Where is the Deccan Plateau?

A

Peninsular India, central indian plateau, and Chota Nagpur Plateau (tilts to the east)

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6
Q

Where are the river lowlands?

A

Belt of lowlands in the lower indus valley, northern plains, and double delta of the Ganges and Brahmaputra

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7
Q

Where is the wettest place on earth?

A

Cherrapunjee

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8
Q

Where is Cherrapunjee?

A

India

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9
Q

What is a common weather event for the region? Why does it happen?

A

Monsoons: caused by temperature differences between land and ocean since land warms up faster than water

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10
Q

What happens during the Summer Monsoon season?

A

Low pressure system develops, draws moisture ridden air, air is forced upwards over the western ghats, and the air cools, condenses and creates heavy rain

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11
Q

What is the direction of the summer Monsoons?

A

Across the bay of Bengal, through NE India, blocked and then directed by the Himalayas

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12
Q

What are the impacts of Monsoons on the region?

A

Flooding, agriculture boom, and rice paddies flourish

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13
Q

What happens during the winter Monsoon reversal?

A

Lands cools faster than ocean, oceans draw cooler air from the land over the warmer waters and the land becomes dry

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14
Q

Where does Hinduism thrive?

A

India

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15
Q

Where does Islam thrive?

A

Pakistan and Bangladesh

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16
Q

Where does Buddhism thrive?

A

Sri Lanka

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17
Q

Where does Sikhism thrive?

A

India

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18
Q

Tell me about Hinduism

A

back to 1500 BC, Caste system, Reincarnation, and Karma

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19
Q

What are the characteristics of the Hindu Caste System?

A

Oldest form of social stratification, divides into hierarchial social groups, assignments based on past deeds/misdeed, and last name determines one’s caste

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20
Q

What is the structure of the Caste System?

A

Brahmins (head), Kshatriyas (Arms), Valshyas (thigh), Shudras (feet), and Dalits (outcasts)

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21
Q

What are the jobs of the Brahmins

A

Teachers and priests

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22
Q

What are the jobs of the Kshatriyas

A

Warriors and rulers

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23
Q

What are the jobs of the Valshyas

A

Farmers, traders, merchants

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24
Q

What are the jobs of the Shudras

A

Laborers and service

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25
Q

What are the jobs of the Dalits

A

Menial jobs

26
Q

What was the “official response to the Caste system”

A

Constitutional ban, quota system introduced in 1950’s, and 1989 quota system expanded to include OBCs

27
Q

What are the characteristics of Buddhism?

A

Emerged from Hinduism, self knowledge, not have desires, do not hurt other living things

28
Q

What is the history for Islam in the region?

A

Emerged in 10th-13th C, attractive alternative to Hinduism, but destroyed Buddhist monasteries and killed the monks and burned the libraries

29
Q

Which country has the largest Islamic minority?

A

India with greater than 180 million

30
Q

Tell me about Skihism?

A

AD 1500 to unite Hindu and Islam, blend beliefs, supported British colonial admin

31
Q

Which region had colonial power?

A

British

32
Q

When did the colonies gain independance?

A

1947

33
Q

What happened during the india-Pakistan conflicts?

A

India encouraged Bangladesh, but at independance the ruler was Hindu of a 3/4 Muslim pop, so there were wars in 1947, 1965, and the 1970’s… Pakistan still wants a referendum

34
Q

What is India’s argument in the conflcit with Pakistan?

A

There is a place for Muslims in Secular India, but there isn’t a similar place for Hindus in the Islamic republic of Pakistan

35
Q

What is the timeline for terrorism in India?

A

2001 - Islamic terrorists assault Parliament
2003 - bombs
2006 - train station attacks
2008 - western hotel attacks

36
Q

What are the three subregions of South Asia?

A

Stand alone countrues, mountainous north, and southern islands

37
Q

What are the stand alone region countries?

A

Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh

38
Q

Which countries are in the Mountainous North?

A

Nepal and Bhutan

39
Q

Which countries are the southern islands?

A

Sri Lanka and The Maldives

40
Q

What is the British history with Afghanistan

A

Three wars: 1839-1842, 1878-1880, and 1917

41
Q

What is the Soviet War history in Afghanistan?

A

supported communist gov’t against Muslim rebels, US launched aircraft in 1987, Soviets withdrew in FEB 1989, warlords took over, and in 1994 a Pshtun religious group (Taliban) took over the entire countries
contributed to the fall of the soviet union

42
Q

Tell me about the Pashtun

A

They were eager to build an Islamic theocracy along Sunni lines, comfort to Osama Bin Laden, and the Taliban was overthrown by the US (not for long though)

43
Q

Tell me about Afghanistan’s economy?

A

one of the porest, major source of income is Narcotics (poppy and opium = $2 billion), and more than 1/3 live below the poverty line

44
Q

What is the life expectancy for someone in Afghanistan?

A

62.8 years

45
Q

What is a major feature of Pakistan?

A

The indus that empties into the Arabian Sea

46
Q

Where did Pakistan emerge from?

A

The partition of India as two separate territories

47
Q

What is the religious stratification of Pakistan?

A

97% muslim - 77% Sunni

48
Q

What are the official languages of Pakistan?

A

Urdu, English, and Arabic

49
Q

What is the capital city of Pakistan?

A

Islamabad

50
Q

What does Pakistan say about the Taliban?

A

They support it and recognize it as a legitimate government in Afghanistan

51
Q

What is the main movtive for Pakistan’s economy?

A

Cotton; textile accounts for more than 1/2 of Pakistan’s exports

52
Q

What is Bangladesh’s history?

A

Eastern territory of Pakistan linked by a common religion.

53
Q

What were the challenges of a separated Pakistan?

A

East and West apart by 1300 miles of India territory, power concentrated in the West, and war broke out in 1970

54
Q

Which rivers drain Bangladesh?

A

Ganges and Brahmaputra

55
Q

What is Bangladesh sucseptible to?

A

sea level rises that risk natural disastor damages. the funnel-shaped Bay of bengal steers cyclones and storm surges into the coast

56
Q

What is the territory distribution of India?

A

28 states, 8 union territories, and 1 national capital territory

57
Q

Why is there a gender disparity in India?

A

Boys are entitled to land and inherritance, don’t pay a dowry, and they take care of the parents

58
Q

Where is Nepal? What are its characteristics?

A

Buffer state between India and China ; secular since 2006, 80% Hindu, MT. Everest, language Nepali, and birthplace of Buddha

59
Q

Tell me about Bhutan?

A

con monarchy ended inn 2008, language is Dzongkha

60
Q
A

Geography (4 decks)

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