SOUTH AMERICA WHS Flashcards
- AMIENS CATHEDRAL, French Guina
-13TH Century Amiens Cathedral
-Located in the Hauts- de France
region
-One of the largest ‘classic’
Gothic churches of the 13th
century
- AMIENS CATHEDRAL
Why are they considered to be world
heritage?
- the largest of the three great Gothic cathedrals built in France during the 13th century
- It has an exterior length of 476 feet (145 metres)—23 feet (7 metres)
- AMIENS CATHEDRAL
What are the issues they are facing?
- A fire totally destroyed the Romanesque cathedral of Amiens in 1218
- Original builders placed the buttresses too high,
- CHAMPAGNE HILLSIDES HOUSES
AND CELLARS, French Guina
- The property is made up of three distinct ensembles
- Located In north-east France
CHAMPAGNE HILLSIDES HOUSES
AND CELLARS
Why are they considered to be world
heritage?
-The world’s most famous sparkling wines are produced
- The places sparkling wine was developed using a second fermentation method in the bottle from the beginning of the 17th century until its early industrialization in the 19th
century. ”
CHAMPAGNE HILLSIDES HOUSES
AND CELLARS
What are the issues they are facing?
-Management systems/ management plan
-Renewable energy facilities
-Lack of measures to protect or to restore the
biodiversity of the landscape
- FORT ZEELANDIA, Guyana
- built the beginning of the 18th century
- is located on Fort Island,
FORT ZEELANDIA, Guyana
Why are they considered to be world
heritage?
- They were both constructed in 1743
- Among the oldest structures in Guyana
FORT ZEELANDIA, Guyana
What are the issues they are facing?
-Nova Zeelandia removed from fort island
SHELL BEACH, Guyana
Why are they considered to be world
heritage?
- it protects the nesting place of marine turtles.
- one of the richest in Guyana.
SHELL BEACH, Guyana
What are the issues they are facing?
flash pictures, bright flashlights, loud noises, and even
light-colored clothing should be avoided
- MACHU PICCHU, Peru
- A 15th century Inca citadel
- Located northwest of Cuso, Peru
- a well preserved remnants of the Inca civilization
Why Machu Picchu considered as a world
heritage site
It is one of the most significant ecological sites in the
world. Home to multiple endemic species it was also
where Charles Darwin originally got his ideas which
lead to the theory of evolution. It was designated as a
UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1978
Why Historic Center of Lima considered as a
world heritage site
In 1988, UNESCO declared the Historic Center
of Lima a World Heritage Site for its
originality and high concentration of historic
monuments constructed in time of Spanish
presence
Why Galapagos Islands a Heritage Site
It is one of the most significant ecological sites in the
world. Home to multiple endemic species it was also
where Charles Darwin originally got his ideas which
lead to the theory of evolution. It was designated as a
UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1978
ISSUES of Galapagos Islands
- Human Threats
- Invasive species taking over
- Overfishing
HOW TO OVERCOME THESE ISSUES
- Galapagos Marine Conservation
- Prevention of New Invasive Species
- Responsible Fishing
ARGENTINA
- eighth largest country in the world
-second largest country in South America after Brazil
-Argentina is bordered by the Andes Mountains
and Chile to the west
- Cueva De Las Manos, Rio
Pinturas
- translates to “Cave of Hands”.
-The caves are known for the paintings of hands
that were discovered at the caves, of which
experts dated to about 13,000 to 9,000 years
ago.
Cueva De Las Manos
Issues
No Restoration of the destination – The tourism sector of Argentina
must request a permission to UNESCO to restore the destination
itself.
- Los Glaciares National Park, Santa Cruz, Argentina
- Established in 1937,
-declaration in 1981 of the park as a UNESCO site
-federally protected area spanning a
total of 726,927 hectares
-largest national park in Argentina.
Why Los Glaciares National Park a
Heritage Site
- exhibits the unique co-existence of the west Patagonian steppe biodiversity and the Magellanic subpolar forest.
- park was named after the giant ice cap in the Andes, which is the largest outside of Greenland and Antarctica.
Los Glaciares National Park Issues
- Forest Fire- Obey local laws regarding open fires, including
campfires.
Venezuela,
roughly triangular area
that is larger than the combined areas
of France and Germany.
- The Port And City Of Coro
Why it is a World Heritage Site
-inscribed and listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1993. -the first capital of the nation and the first Bishopric of Continental America. -
The Port And City Of Coro: ISSUES
Lack of Urban Control – As a historic site,
The tourism government of Venezuela must
provide a law that can limit the urban in the
area.
- Canaima National Park
Why it is a World Heritage Site
-declared a World Heritage Site in 1994 by UNESCO.
-7,413,161 million acres, the park is about the size of Belgium.
-home to several indigenous Indian
communities.
-home to numerous avian, mammal and amphibian species.
Canaima National Park: ISSUES
-Increasing population of the
Pemon Indians in the park.
Canaima National Park : overcoming issues
The Society of the Pemon Indians and government of Venezuela
must provide a law limiting the increasing of Pemon population &
and a law for an area to stay for the indigenous Pemon Indians.
- Historic Quarter of the City of Colonia del Sacramento 1995, URUGUAY
-bears remarkable testimony in its
layout and its buildings to the nature and objectives
of European colonial settlement, in particular during
the seminal period at the end of the 17th century.
-integrity
-authenticity
Historic Quarter of the City of Colonia del Sacramento 1995: ISSUES
-Inappropriate architectural and urban design for a marina and hotel-casino in a building block at the old harbour;
-Lack of a comprehensive participatory
Management Plan for the Historic
Quarter.
Historic Quarter of the City of Colonia del Sacramento 1995: OVERCOMING ISSUES
-COMMISSION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE
FOR THE NATION (CPCN)
-WORLD HERITAGE CENTRE AND THE
ADVISORY BODIES IN 2014
- Fray Bentos Industrial Landscape 2015
-A German chemist, Justus von Liebig, moved to
Uruguay in the 19th century and founded the
meat processing plant called Liebig’s Extract Meat Company.
-In 2015, UNESCO listed it as a
world heritage site to honor its
history.
-includes all elements related to the history of the site and the period of its operation and is of adequate size to ensure the complete representation of the features and processes which convey the property’s significance.
-property is authentic in terms of location and
setting, materials and substance and
use/function in terms of the buildings
Fray Bentos Industrial Landscape 2015: ISSUES
-Insufficient legislative protection of the
entire buffer zone
-Incomplete Management Plan
-Need to complete the arrangements for
representation of the local communities on
the Management Committee
Fray Bentos Industrial Landscape 2015: OVERCOMING ISSUES
- LE G ISLATI V E P R O TECTI O N O F THE ENTI R E BUFFE R Z O NE
- REPRESENTATIONON THE MANAG EMENT COMMITTEE:
- COMPLETION OF THE MANAG EMENT PLAN
Churches of Chiloé 2000, Chile
Why it’s a world heritage site
-Churches of Chiloé represent a unique
example in Latin America of an outstanding
form of ecclesiastical wooden architecture.
-They represent a tradition initiated by the Jesuit Peripatetic Mission in the 17th and 18th
-These churches embody the intangible richness of the Chiloé Archipelago,
- Criterion (ii): The Churches of Chiloé are
outstanding examples of the successful fusion of
European and indigenous cultural traditions to
produce a unique form of wooden architecture.
- Criterion (iii): The mestizo culture resulting from
Jesuit missionary activities in the 17th and 18th
centuries has survived intact in the Chiloé
archipelago, and achieves its highest expression in
the outstanding wooden churches.
Churches of Chiloé 2000, Chile :ISSUES
-A shortage of the hardwood and the protection of the species that provide them present current challenges
Churches of Chiloé 2000, Chile :ISSUES OVERCOMING
-implemented a large- scale program since 2003 that has managed to reverse serious damage,
-Investigating, recording and transmitting the building
techniques to new generations
- Churches of Chiloé 2000, Chile
Why it’s a world heritage site
-Churches of Chiloé represent a unique
example in Latin America of an outstanding
form of ecclesiastical wooden architecture.
-They represent a tradition initiated by the Jesuit Peripatetic Mission in the 17th and 18th
-These churches embody the intangible richness of the Chiloé Archipelago,
- Criterion (ii): The Churches of Chiloé are
outstanding examples of the successful fusion of
European and indigenous cultural traditions to
produce a unique form of wooden architecture.
- Criterion (iii): The mestizo culture resulting from
Jesuit missionary activities in the 17th and 18th
centuries has survived intact in the Chiloé
archipelago, and achieves its highest expression in
the outstanding wooden churches.
Churches of Chiloé 2000, Chile :ISSUES OVERCOMING
-implemented a large- scale program since 2003 that has managed to reverse serious damage,
-Investigating, recording and transmitting the building
techniques to new generations
16.Momia Guardiana’ , Caleta Camarones, Chile
Why a heritage site
- Settlement and Artificial
Mummification of the Chinchorro Culture in the Arica and Parinacota Region 2021
-property presents the oldest known
archaeological evidence of the artificial
mummification of bodies with cemeteries
that contain both artificially mummified
bodies and some that were preserved due
to environmental conditions.
-mummies possess material,
sculptural, and aesthetic qualities that are
presumed to reflect the fundamental role of
the dead in Chinchorro society.
Settlement and Artificial Mummification of the
Chinchorro Culture in the Arica and Parinacota Region
Criterion 3
iii.
-Chinchorro Culture possess a unique or
at least exceptional testimony to a cultural tradition or to a civilization which is living or which has disappeared;
Settlement and Artificial Mummification of the
Chinchorro Culture in the Arica and Parinacota Region
Criterion iv.
Settlement and Artificial Mummification of the
Chinchorro Culture in the Arica and Parinacota
Region has outstanding example of a type of
building, architectural or technological
ensemble or landscape which illustrates (a) significant stage(s) in human history;
