EUROPE WORLD HERITAGE SITES Flashcards
- Mont- Saint Michel, France
Why this became a world heritage?
Mont Saint-Michel is one of the most important sites of medieval Christian civilization.
Through the unique combination of the natural site and the architecture, the Mont-Saint-Michel
constitutes a unique aesthetic success.
Mont- Saint Michel, France
What are the current issues they are facing
Overcrowding and congestion
Problems related to the presentation of the property: car park at the foot of the Mount, sign posts
The village of Mont St Michel has become a „tourist trap‟
Mont- Saint Michel, France
How to overcome these issues?
Ticketing that controlled by a computer that calculates the maximum number of visitors is one way
to lessen tourist visiting in the destination.
Building a new car park and visitor center on the mainland
Removing the causeway on which the current car park stands
To avoid tourist trap, try to think like local. This means that try to do some reading or research
before going to a destination.
- Palace and Park of Versailles, France
Why this became a world heritage?
-UNESCO site since 1979.It’s
The ensemble of the Palace and Park of Versailles constitutes a unique artistic realization, by virtue
not only of its size but also of its quality and originality.
- Paris, Bank of the Seine
Why this became a world heritage?
-Built for the 1897 world fair, it still stands strong as the number one symbol for Paris.
-The banks of the Seine are studded with a succession of architectural and urban masterpieces built
from the Middle Ages to the 20th century,
Paris, Bank of the Seine:
What are the current issues they are facing?
-building’s spire had collapsed and most of its roof
had been destroyed and its upper walls were severely damaged.
-some of the exterior art was damaged or destroyed
Paris, Bank of the Seine:
How to overcome these issues?
-if the government of France will restore the church they must restore with its
fundamental purpose which is to bring people closer to the almighty.
- Drottningholm Palace, Sweden
Why this became a world heritage?
-best example of a royal residence built in the 18th century in
Sweden and is representative of all European architecture of that period,
-No significant changes have been made to this World Heritage property since the time of
inscription.
- Hanseatic Town of Visby, Sweden
Why this became a world heritage?
-Its 13th-century ramparts and more
than 200 warehouses and wealthy merchants’ dwellings from the same period make it the best-preserved fortified commercial city in northern Europe.
-outstanding example of a North European medieval walled town
-reflected in the well-preserved town wall, street pattern, church ruins, medieval buildings and
townscape
- Rock Carvings in Tanum, Sweden
Why this became a world heritage?
-reveal the life and beliefs of people in Europe
during the Bronze Age and are remarkable for their large numbers and outstanding quality.
-constitute an outstanding example of Bronze Age art of the highest quality.
-rock carvings provides exceptional evidence of many aspects of life in the European Bronze Age.
- Acropolis Athens, Greece
Why this became a world heritage?
-a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1987
-features a massive but perfectly balanced collection of architectural monuments that exist in harmony with the natural landscape
-historical site that is home to four classical Greek masterpieces: the temple of Athena, Erechtheion, the Parthenon, and Propylaea.
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- Temple of Apollo Epicurius at Bassae, Greece
Why this became a world heritage?
- built somewhere around 450-400 BC,
- built to honor the god of healing and sun
- uniquely designed and incredibly well-preserved.
Temple of Apollo Epicurius at Bassae, Greece
What are the current issues they are facing?
-The threat of climate change
-marble is being eroded by air pollution and acid rain, while droughts and torrential rain
are effecting the structures of ancient walls and temples.
Temple of Apollo Epicurius at Bassae, Greece
How to overcome these issues?
-needs better shelter
for its monuments and a monitoring system to provide additional protection when required.
- Mount Athos, Greece
Why this became a world heritage?
-commonly referred to as the “Holy Mountain”
-The monastic state of Mount Athos has been an important Orthodox spiritual center since 1054.
-a world heritage site because it has an enormous wealth of historic, artistic and
cultural elements preserved by a monastic community that has existed for the last twelve centuries
and constitutes a living record of human activities.
- Stonehenge and Avebury
Why this became a world heritage?
- one of the UK‟s first World heritage site.
- Stonehenge has come to symbolize mystery, power and endurance.
- due to their outstanding prehistoric monuments,
- these sites provide an unparalleled insight into the mysterious rituals, beliefs, customs and engineering abilities of prehistoric peoples.
Stonehenge and Avebury: What are the current issues they are facing?
-pressure from of the large number of visitors
-effects of traffic across the landscape.
-existing visitor car park and
facilities are unattractive and form an inappropriate setting the stone.
Stonehenge and Avebury:How to overcome these issues?
-balance the conservation needs of the heritage site with the requirements of today‟s economy and the people who live and in the area.
- Giant’s Causeway and Causeway Cost
Why this became a world heritage?
-Situated in Northern Ireland, this area of approximately 40,000 massive basalt columns along the sea coast has inspired Irish egends of giants striding over the sea to Scotland.
-outstanding example representing major stages of the earth‟s history, significant on-going
geological processes in the development of landforms, or significant geomorphic or physiographic
features.
- City of Bath
Why this became a world heritage?
-achieved its World Heritage status in 1987.
-rich historical background and structural ruins
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- Brú Na Bóinne – Archaeological Ensemble Of The Bend Of The Boyne
Why this became a world heritage?
-It was inscribed in 1993 and is made up of 40 burial mounds or passage tombs.
-Due to its artistic
and cultural significance, as well as the size of the collection
-largest prehistoric megalithic art from the Neolithic era.
- Skellig Michael
Why this became a world heritage?
-one of the most beautiful and unique UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
-illustratesthe extremes of a Christian monasticism
characterizing much of North Africa, the Near East and Europe.
-example of an early religious
settlement deliberately sited on a pyramidal rock in the ocean,
Skellig Michael
What are the current issues they are facing?
-opening would be hazardous for its on-
island guide staff because accommodation facilities are extremely limited on the island,
-the narrow passage routes for people going to visit the ruins make social distancing problematic.
Skellig Michael
How to overcome these issues?
-repairing and cleaning the 600 steps to the monastery, removing loose stones, clearing
the landing pier of moss and carrying out works on the upper lighthouse road and the lighthouses.
-first time in its history, Skellig Michael will have public toilets this year.
- Wachau Cultural Landscape, AUSTRIA
Why this became a world heritage?
-inscribed into the UNESCO list in 2000
-The valley has a rich past dating back to prehistory and has played an important part in the history of Austria and Europe.
-The valley is also one of the best wine-producing regions in Austria.
-cultural value in terms of architecture and
agriculture in the region.
- Palace and Gardens of Schonbrunn, AUSTRIA
-With a history of over 300 years, this site reflects the tastes and aspirations of the Habsburg monarchs.
-considered as an important architectural, historical
and cultural landmark in Austria.
- Historic Center of Vienna
Why this became a world heritage?
-inscribed in 2001.
-architectural significance.
-the historic center of the
Austrian capital represents three major time periods: Middle Ages, Baroque and Grunderzeit.
-reflects the evolution of this city throughout many periods and centuries.
- Santiago de Compostela, City in Spain
Why this became a world heritage?
-is the capital of the autonomous community of Galicia, in northwestern
Spain.
-the alleged burial site of the Biblical apostle St. James.
Santiago de Compostela, City in Spain
What are the current issues they are facing?
-Destroyed by the Muslims at the end of the 10th century, it was completely
rebuilt in the following century.
- Segovia, City in Spain
Why this became a world heritage?
-centuries of settlement have resulted in
a rich architectural legacy,
-old city contains a multitude of historic buildings both civil and religious, including a large
number of buildings of Jewish origin, notably within the old Jewish Quarter.
- Venice, City in Italy
Why this became a world heritage?
Venice, City in Italy
What are the current issues they are facing?
-major environmental issue.
Venice, City in Italy
How to overcome these issues?
-pumping water or liquid cement under Venice to
raise the city
-fortifying the lagoon’s natural defenses.
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