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Adv Study > South America - Brainscape > Flashcards

South America - Brainscape Flashcards

1
Q

What is Donald Hess’ estate in Salta? How high are the vineyards?

A
  • Colomé

- 3,000 m - some of the highest vineyards in the world

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2
Q

What is Bonarda confusingly called in San Juan?

A

Barbera Bonarda

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3
Q

Although Colchagua is historically a bulk wine region, producers are finding success with premium wines sourced from higher-altitude sub-regions with greater diurnarl variations, such as?

A

Apalta, San Fernando and Chimbarongo

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4
Q

Who produces these iconic wines from Colchagua: “Clos Apalta”? “Alpha M”? “Purple Angel”?

A
  • Casa Lapostolle “Clos Apalta” Bordeaux-blend
  • Viña Montes “Alpha M” Bordeaux-blend
  • Viña Montes “Purple Angel” Carmenere
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5
Q

What portion of Argentina’s production occurs in Mendoza?

A

≈3/4

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6
Q

What Argentine region makes decent sherry-like wines?

A

San Juan - the hot summer climate is also ideal for brandy and vermouth

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7
Q

What factor in Argentina helps keep phylloxera and other diseases at bay?

A

Zonda - almost all vines in Mendoza are planted on their own rootstock

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8
Q

What is the average elevation vineyards of Argentina?

A

900 m

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9
Q

Torrontés Riojano and Torrontés Sanjuanino are crossings of what grapes? Which is higher quality?

A
  • Criolla Chica x Muscat of Alexandria

- Torrontés Riojano

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10
Q

The Rapel Valley (Central Valley) is divided into what two regions?

A

Cachapol and Colchagua

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11
Q

Where is Viña Errázuriz located? What is their flagship wine?

A
  • Panquehue commune of Aconcagua DO

- Seña - an iconic Bordeaux-style blend that placed ahead of Lafite and Margaux in 2004 Berlin Tasting

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12
Q

What 3 provinces are located in the North Region of Argentina?

A
  • Salta
  • Tucumán
  • Catamarca
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13
Q

What are the sub-regions of the Central Valley DO?

A
  • Maipo Valley
  • Rapel Valley
  • Curicó
  • Maule Valley
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14
Q

What pink-skinned varieties occupy 30% of Argentina’s vineyards?

A

Cereza, Criolla Chica, and Criolla Grande

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15
Q

What are Chile’s major regional DOs from north to south?

A
  • Atacama
  • Coquimbo
  • Aconcagua
  • The Valle Central
  • Sur (The Southern Region)
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16
Q

Which country is the 5th largest producer of wine in the world?

A

Argentina

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17
Q

What is the synonym for the Mission grape in Chile? The Canary Islands?

A
  • Chile - País

- Canary Islands - Listán Prieto

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18
Q

What are the 3 valleys of the Sur DO?

A
  • Itata
  • Bío Bío
  • Malleco
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19
Q

What is Chile’s largest producer?

A

Concha y Toro

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20
Q

Where are Mendoza’s highest vineyards?

A

Uco Valley in the west

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21
Q

What two mountain ranges are in Chile?

A

The Coastal Ranges and the Andes

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22
Q

What is the min abv for wine in Chile?

A

11.50%

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23
Q

What is the min abv for Chilean wines labeled “Reserva” and Reserva Especial”? “Reserva Privada” and “Gran Reserva”? Which require time in oak?

A
  • “Reserva” and “Reserva Especial” - min 12% abv
  • “Reserva Privada” and “Gran Reserva” - min 12.5% abv
  • “Reserva Especial” and “Gran Reserva” require time in oak
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24
Q

What are the 3 sub-regions of Coquimbo?

A

-Elqui
-Limarí
(Both are gaining a reputation for Cab and Syrah)
-Choapa

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25
Q

What is Argentina’s 2nd largest wine-producing province?

A

San Juan

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26
Q

What is Argentina’s most planted white grape?

A

Pedro Giménez - unrelated to Spain’s Pedro Ximénez

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27
Q

Where was the Mendoza Chardonnay clone developed? It has gained popularity despite what issue?

A
  • UC Davis

- It is prone to millerandage and the resulting grapes have a higher skin-to-juice ratio

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28
Q

What is Argentina’s most planted grape?

A

Cereza

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29
Q

When was Malbec introduced to Argentina?

A

1860

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30
Q

Bodegas Chacra is located where? What are they producing?

A
  • Patagonia

- Super-premium Río Negro Pinot Noir

31
Q

Where is São Francisco Valley?

A

A tropical winegrowing region in northern Brazil, where growers can harvest twice per year

32
Q

What is Aconcagua’s most prominent subregion? What is it known for?

A

Casablance - Chard and SB

33
Q

Argentina’s Bonarda has been identified as what?

A
  • It is genetically distinct from the norhtern Italian grape of the same name
  • It is Savoie’s Corbeau, AKA Charbono in the US
34
Q

What varieties are grown in Brazil?

A

Bordeaux and other International grapes, along with Iberian varieties like Aragonez and Touriga Nacional

35
Q

Describe Brazil’s production. What major foreign investment has invested here?

A
  • Predominantly red, but nearly a quarter is sparkling

- Moët & Chandon

36
Q

What Brazilian state contains most of the country’s viticulture?

A

Rio Grande do Sul (along the Argentine border), with Serra Gaúcha being the country’s most developed wine region and accounts for approximately 20% of Brazilian wine

37
Q

What is the southernmost region in Chile? What is planted here?

A
  • Malleco

- Pinot Noir & Chard

38
Q

What are the subregions of the Aconcagua DO?

A
  • Valle del Aconcagua DO
  • Valle de Casablanca DO
  • Valle de San Antonio DO
39
Q

What is the northernmost wine region in Argentina?

40
Q

What is the promising department in Salta increasingly appearing on Torrontés labels? Name 2 producers located here.

A
  • Cafayate
  • Etchart - first brought Michel Rolland to Argentina
  • Yacochuya - Arnaldo Etchart’s new project
41
Q

What as La Rioja’s famous wine region? For what grapes?

A

Famatina Valley - Torrontés and Malbec

42
Q

What DOs of Chile are historically destined for Pisco?

A

Atacama and Coquimbo

43
Q

When was Chilean wine law established? What is the 75% rule?

A
  • Established in 1995
  • Vintage, varietal, and DO must comprise 75% to be listed on the label
  • Most wineries observe 85% to comply with EU standards for exports
44
Q

Are hybrid garpes permitted in Chile?

A

No, only permitted varieties may be used

45
Q

What is Chile’s most famous winemaking area? What is it known for?

A
  • Maipo Valley

- Cab Sauv - over 50% of the region’s vineyards are devoted to the grape

46
Q

What are the two departments in Mendoza that provide the best traditional sites for Malbec?

A

Lujan de Cuyo and Maipú

47
Q

What grapes may be labaled “Torrontés”?

A

-Torrontés Riojano
Lower quality:
-Torrontés Sanjuanino
-Torrontés Mendocino

48
Q

Chenin Blanc is the principal grape in what departments of Southern Mendoza?

A

San Rafael and General Alvear

49
Q

White grapes, such as Chard and Semillon, are cultivated with success in high elevations of what departments in Mendoza?

A

Uco Valley and Tupungato Department

50
Q

In 2011, the Chilean Ministry of Agriculture amended wine law to support 3 new geographic terms to be appended to existing DOs, what are they? What percentage is required?

A
  • Costa
  • Entre Cordilleras (“Between Mountains”)
  • Andes
  • To qualify, 85% of the grapes must be harvested in the appropriate region
51
Q

What is the dominant red variety in Uruguay?

A

Tannat - rechristened Harriague, after Don Pascual Harriague, the Frenchman who introduced the grape to Uruguay

52
Q

What does “Reserva” and “Gran Reserva” indicate on an Argentine label? When was it introduced? What is permitted?

A 
Aging requirements
-Reserva - white - 6 mos
   red - 1 yr 
-Gran Reserva - white - 1 yr
   red - 2 yrs

-Introduced in 2008, no pink-skinned varieties (Criolla Chica/Grande or Cereza) and max yields are permitted

53
Q

What is the appellation system in Brazil? What is unique about it? What was the first?

A
  • Origin Indications
  • It restricts varieties and yields, in the manner of European appellations
  • Vale do Vinhedos (a subregion within Serra Gaúcha) in 2002
54
Q

What grape played a similar role in Argentina as the Mission garpe did in Chile?

A

Criolla Chica

55
Q

What 2 grapes are related to Criolla Chica that are relevant in Argentina?

A

Cereza and Criolla Grande

56
Q

What 3 major houses are located in Maipo Valley? Why?

A
  • It’s proximity to Santiago
  • Concha y Toro
  • Santa Rita
  • Cousiño Macul
57
Q

What are the most platned varieties of Itata and Bío Bío?

A

País and Muscat d’Alexandria

58
Q

What 3 provinces are located in the Cuyo region?

A
  • La Rioja
  • San Juan
  • Mendoza
59
Q

What are Curicó’s two sub-regions?

A

Lontué and Teno

60
Q

Who makes the following wines, what are the varietals: Don Melchor? Viñedo Chadwick? Almaviva?

Where are these produced?

A

Puente Alto subregion of the Maipo Valley

  • Concha y Toro “Don Melchor” Cab Sauv
  • Errázuriz “Viñedo Chadwick” Cab Sauv
  • “Almaviva” is a join project between Baron Philippe de Rothschild and Concha y Toro - Bordeaux blend
61
Q

What region in Chile is covered I Santiago’s smog?

62
Q

What are Mendoza’s two DOCs?

A
  • Lujan de Cuyo - authorized for Malbec

- San Rafael - currently only used by Valentín Bianchi for base quality wines

63
Q

What are the subzones of San Antonio DO (Aconcagua)? What is it known for?

A
  • Leyda
  • Lo Abarca
  • Rosario
  • Malvilla
  • Predominantly whites - with Pinot Noir showing promise
64
Q

What 3 provinces are located in the Patagonia region?

A
  • La Pampa
  • Rio Nego
  • Neuquén
65
Q

What are the 5 valleys of San Juan?

A
  • Tulum
  • Zonda
  • Ullum
  • Jáchal
  • Fertil
66
Q

Who is Claudio Gay?

A

In 1830 the Frenchman set up a Chilean repository of pre-phylloxera Vitis vinifera vines at the University of Chile’s Quinta Normal department

67
Q

Where di Miguel Torres set up Chilean operations in the 1970s?

68
Q

What are the regions in Rio Grande do Sul?

A
  • Serra Gaúcha
  • São Jaoquim
  • Serra do Sudeste
  • Campanha
69
Q

What are the highly regarded estates of Mendoza?

A
  • Catena
  • Susana Balbo’s Domino del Plata
  • Bressia
  • Achával Ferrer
70
Q

What air system cools the vines in Chile?

A

The Humboldt Current

71
Q

What is the only country to remin totally phylloxera free?

72
Q

What is the sole sub-region to the Aconcagua DO?

A

Panquehue (Viña Errázuriz is located here)

73
Q

What project was founded in 1996 by Robert Mondavi? With whom? Why is no longer in the American market?

A

Robert Mondavi and Errazuriz have a collaborative project in Chile called Caliterra, founded in 1996, pulled from the American market when Mondavi was sold to Constellation

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