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Portugal v2 > South America > Flashcards

South America Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name of the major ocean current that affects Chilean viticulture? What kind of current is it and what does it do?

A

Humboldt Current

cool ocean current that forces cool sea air inland through the river valleys to affect the Central Valley during the day

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2
Q

What are the four large major wine regions of Argentina? Which two are IG?

A

Cuyo (IG)

Patagonia (IG)

North Region

Center Region

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3
Q

Which IG is home to Bodegas Chacra? What is the star wine produced here? What famous Italian producer is spearheading this estate?

A

Patagonia

Sassicaia

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4
Q

Which two subregions of Aconcagua are building a reputation of the best places for Chilean Sauvignon Blanc?

A

Casablanca

San Antonio

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5
Q

What clone of Chardonnay has become popular in Argentina due to its greater skin-to-juice ratio?

A

Mendoza Clone

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6
Q

What are the three subregions of Sur (Southern Regions)?

A

Valle Itata

Valle Bío Bío

Valle Malleco

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7
Q

What is the southernmost major DO in Chile?

A

Austral

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8
Q

Which subregion of Cuyo IG is responsible for producing ¾ of the entire country’s output of wine?

A

Mendoza

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9
Q

Why are most Argentinean winegrowing regions free of fungal problems?

A

The general lack of humidity in most Argentinean wine growing regions keeps vineyards free of fungal problems

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10
Q

What are the two subregions of the Rapel Valley?

A

Colchagua

Cachapoal

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11
Q

Are hybrid grapes allowed to be listed on Chilean wine labels?

A

NO!

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12
Q

Which subregion within Salta is home to Crios?

A

Cafayate

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13
Q

In order for a Chilean wine to carry a regional designation what percentage of fruit used to make the corresponding wine must come from those regions?

A

85%

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14
Q

What are the six large Denominations of Origin (DOs) in Chile?

A 
Atacama
Coquimbo
Aconcagua
Valle Central
Sur
Austral
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15
Q

What are the subregions of Aconcagua DO (4)?

A

Aconcagua Valley
Casablanca
San Antonio

Panquehue (very unofficial) vineyards of Sena wine from Errasuriz

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16
Q

Average summer temperatures in Argentina can reach up to 100F. What mitigates this and provides most of the country’s vineyards with a prolonged growing season?

A

Despite the high temperatures the majority of the best vineyards are planted at higher altitudes which serves to mitigate such extreme highs and prolong the growing season

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17
Q

The Friulano grape is a major grape of Chile, but it’s not called Friulano there. It’s called what, due to its false identification as Sauvignon Blanc?

A

Sauvignon Vert

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18
Q

Which major DO is Chile’s oldest and most established winemaking region?

A

Valle Central

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19
Q

What are the three subregions of Colchagua?

A

San Fernando

Chimbarongo

Apalta

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20
Q

What is the major threat to viticulture in Argentina?

A

Spring and summer hail

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21
Q

What are the three subregions of Coquimbo? Which two are starting to develop a reputation for their wines?

A

Elqui
Limarí
Choapa

Elqui and Limarí are developing reputations

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22
Q

If a wine is labeled Reserva Privada or Gran Reserva what does this indicate in regards to Chilean wine?

A

Must spend mandatory time in oak

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23
Q

Who is Claudio Gay and what did he do? At what University of Chile department?

A

Frenchman who set up a Chilean repository of pre-phylloxera vinifera vines at the University of Chile’s Quinta Normal department.

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24
Q

What are the subregions of the Valle Central? (4)

A

Maipo Valley

Rapel Valley

Curicó

Maule Valley

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25
Q

What style of wine is Muscat of Alexandria mostly used for in Chile?

A

Mostly used for distillation

Pisco!

26
Q

If a wine in Chile is labeled by vintage, varietal, and denomination of origin what percent of fruit used in the wine must be of the stated varietal, from the stated vintage, and from stated DO? What percentage minimum do most observe to align with EU standards for export?

A

75%

Most observe the 85% minimum for export though.

27
Q

What is the star subregion of La Rioja Argentina IG? What is the most cultivated grape here?

A

Famatina

Torrontés

28
Q

Which country is known as the fifth largest producer of wine in the world and is considered South America’s most important for wine?

A

Argentina

29
Q

What is the average national elevation for vineyards in Argentina in m above sea level?

A

900m

30
Q

What has allowed Chile to remain phylloxera-free to this day and the only major wine region in the world to claim so?

A

Geographical isolation due to the Andes has prevented phylloxera from entering the country

31
Q

What are the two star red grapes of Aconcagua Valley?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

Merlot

32
Q

What is the star grape of San Rafael IG/DOC?

A

Chenin Blanc

33
Q

What is Bonarda in Argentina genetically similar to in Savoie? What is the grape known as in the United States?

A

Corbeau

Known as Charbono in the Unites States

34
Q

What are the 5 provinces of the North Region of Argentina?

A

Catamarca

Jujuy

Salta

Tucumán

Valles Chalchaquíes (not a province?)

35
Q

What suregion of Central Mendoza is home to Catena and Achával Ferrer?

A

Lujan de Cuyo

36
Q

Torrontés Riojano, the star white grape of Argentina, is a crossing between what two grapes?

A

Criolla Chica (Mission) x Muscat of Alexandria

37
Q

What are the five subregions of Mendoza? Which is home to the province’s highest vineyards?

A

Valle de Uco

Northern Mendoza

Eastern Mendoza

Central Mendoza

Southern Mendoza

Valle de Uco is home to the province’s highest vineyards.

38
Q

Where are most of Argentina’s winegrowing regions focused? (what sector and near what major mountain range)

A

Western sector of the country in the plains and foothills near the Andes

39
Q

Which grape was the most planted grape in Chile until the 21st century? What is this grape also known as in the US? Argentina? Canary Islands?

A

País

Known as Mission in the U.S.

Criolla Chica in Argentina

Listán Prieto in the Canary Islands

40
Q

Which IG within the North Region is gaining a reputation of high-altitude Torrontés?

A

Salta

41
Q

Which producer in Chile is notable for producing a premium Bordeaux-style blend that placed ahead of both Château Margaux and Château Lafite in the 2004 Berlin Tasting? What was the wine called? What subregion of Aconcagua was this produced in?

A

Errázuriz

Seña was the name of the wine that bested Margaux and Lafite in 2004

Wine comes from the subregion of Aconcagua known as Panquehue.

42
Q

There are three Regional Designations that can apply to all wines of Chile. What are they and describe where they are.

A

Costa: Vineyards close to the coast

Entre Cordilleras: Valley areas between the Coastal Range and the Andes

Andes:vineyards near the Andes

43
Q

Name two major producers that are located in Apalta and the iconic Bordeaux-style wine produced at each?

A

Montes (Alpha M)

Casa Lapostolle (Clos Apalta)

44
Q

How long is Chile from end to end (north-south)? How many miles are planted to viticulture?

A

3,000 miles form end to end

800 miles are planted to viticulture

45
Q

What year was Malbec introduced to Argentina?

A

1860

46
Q

What are the three major white grapes of Argentina?

A

Torrontés

Chardonnay

Chenin Blanc

47
Q

What is the northern most major DO in Chile and what are the grapes grown there traditionally used for?

A

Atacama

Table grapes and grapes meant for distillation

48
Q

Purple Angel is produced from what grape and by what producer?

A

Carmenère produced by Montes from Colchagua fruit.

49
Q

Which IGs comprise the larger Cuyo IG? Which subregion is excluded from this region unless it is called “New Cuyo”?

A

La Rioja Argentina

Mendoza

San Juan

San Luis (83 ha of vines as of 2012) Unofficial ?

The traditional region of Cuyo excludes La Rioja Argentina. “New” Cuyo is used to indicate its inclusion.

50
Q

What is the Zonda and what does it do? What negative effect can it have on the vine?

A

The Zonda is a fierce, dusty, hot afternoon wind that blows down from the mountains in the late spring and early summer

Sometimes can adversely affect flowering in the springtime

51
Q

What are Argentina’s only two DOCs? Where are they located?

A

Luján de Cuyo in Central Mendoza

San Rafael in Southern Mendoza

52
Q

What are the 4 subzones of San Antonio?

A

Valle de Leyda DO

Lo Abarca (unofficial)

Rosario (unofficial)

Malvilla (?)

53
Q

What is the most planted white grape in Argentina that is genetically dissimilar to the Sherry grape?

A

Pedro Giménez

54
Q

What are the four provinces of Patagonia?

A

La Pampa

Río Negro

Neuquén

Chubut

55
Q

What is the minimum abv for all Chilean wines? What is the minimum abv for Reserva and Reserva Especial? Reserva Privada and Gran Reserva?

A

11.5%

Reserva and Reserva Especial (12%)

Reserva Privada and Gran Reserva (12.5%)

56
Q

If a wine is labeled as Reserva in Argentina what are the aging regquirements for this designation? Gran Reserva?

A

Reserva: 6 months aging for whites and 1 year for reds

Gran Reserva: 1 year for whites and 2 years for reds.

57
Q

What are the three varieties of Torrontés grown in Argentina?

A

Torrontés Riojano (major variety)

Torrentés Mendocino

Torrontés Sanjuanino

58
Q

What are the two DO Zones of Valle de Curico DO?

A

Valle del Lontue DO

Valle del Teno DO

59
Q

What are the DO areas of Valle de Curico DO?

A

Costa: Vichuquen

Entre Cordilleras: Rauco, Sagrada Familia

Andes: Romeral, Molina

60
Q

What are the DO Zones of the Valle del Maule DO?

A

Valle del Claro DO

Valle del Loncomilla DO

Valle del Tutuven DO

61
Q

Name the (4) tiers of Chilean DOs that debuted in 1995:

A

(1) Region Vitcola
(2) Subregion
(3) Zone
(4) [Viticultural] Area

Portugal v2 (38 decks)

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