Sources of Prejudice Flashcards
minimal groups paradigm
people are very quick to form groups, and can easily discriminate others on the basis of simply being apart of the group
three components of attitude
affect, behaviour cognition
affect
goes with prejudice
- how you feel towards someone
behaviour
goes with discrimination
- how you behave towards someone
cognition
goes with stereotypes
- how you think about someone who is a member of a group
- beliefs you have towards someone, can be automatic or deliberate
stereotypes
beliefs that certain attributes are characteristics of members of that particular group
* can be positive or negative
* stereotypes are applied too broadly
* causes people to make claims of over simplification
schemas that we have for members of certain groups
apart of shared cultural knowledge, informally taught in families
- positive stereotypes can have negative effects
where do stereotypes come from? (4)
culture
what we learn at home
media
social groups
old fashioned racism
outright, explicit prejudice and discrimination
still a problem
modern racism
belief system that has three main tenants
- denial that there is continuing discrimination
- resentment about the demands that disadvantaged groups make for equal treatment
- resentment about concessions made to disadvantaged groups
- “I don’t see race”, “we’ve solved racism”
- think that everyone is equally advantaged
Shoving study
white person shoved black person
– 13% say it was aggressive
black person shoves white person
– 73% say it was aggressive
- example of modern racism
aversive racism
another subtle form of racism
individuals will state that they have egalitarian views and accordingly will not be overtly discriminatory
– but still feel discomfort with members of racial minority groups
behavioural consequences: avoidance of out group members, anxiety & overcorrection, subtle discrimination
* might avoid specific groups
aversive racism and hiring decisions
participants (all white) rated resumes that included a picture of a black or white candidate
- when applications were strong, no difference in rate
- when resumes were moderate, see aversive racism because the exact same applications will be chosen more from white people
so, with ambiguous situations, race factors into decisions
why trying not to be awkward makes you awkward
aversive racism causes people to be really awkward towards outgrips
ironic because trying to look normal and not racist, causes you to act anything but normal
alleviate this by acknowledging your anxiety to alleviate the awkwardness
institutional/systemic racism
the differential access to the good, services, and opportunities of society by group status
hides as other factors (neighbourhood, income, education) but propagates and thus becomes very difficult to rectify
ex: laws that say its okay to separate migrant kids from their families
ex: laws that say that black women have a higher pain tolerance and don’t need as much pain medication at hospitals
when institutions set policies that give different access to resources, it can create systemic racism
aversive racism can bleed into racism and norms
example of systemic racism
in Detroit very segregated because of systemic racism
– black people living in inner city because affordable
– creates institutional racism
– white people uncomfortable living close to black people so move to outskirts and causes segregation
schooling
– schools are funded locally, so schools in black neighbourhood are poorer so get less funding and worse education
– rich white children who live in rich neighbourhood have better funded schools = better education
– this is racism masking itself in neighbourhoods and property taxes