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Sources of Drug Information Flashcards

1
Q

American Society of Health - System Pharmacists
(ASHP)
➔ [www.ashp.org]
➔ Organized by MONOGRAPHS
➔ Containing information on:
★ Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved
medications
★ off-label uses of medications.

A

ASHP DRUG INFORMATION (ASHP DI)

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2
Q

➔ Gold Standard
➔ [http://cp.gsm.com/]
➔ Has monographs of prescription and non-prescription products as well as some dietary
supplements.
➔ This can also screen drug interactions, create
comparison tables for prescription drugs, determine
intravenous (IV)compatibility, and search for tablets
by description or imprint codes.
➔ Patient education section is also available

A

Clinical Pharmacology

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3
Q

➔ Thompson MICROMEDEX
➔ [www.thomsonhc.com]
➔ This electronic resource is a database within the
MICROMEDEX system.
➔ Contains:
★ FDA-approved indications
★ off-label uses
★ pharmacokinetic data
★ safety information pharmacology

A

DRUGDEX SYSTEM

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4
Q

➔ Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.
➔ [www.factsandcomparisons.com]
➔ Organized by DRUG CLASS
➔ Information is provided about specific agents,
including inactive ingredients in commercial
preparations.

A

DRUG FACTS AND COMPARISONS

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5
Q

➔ Lexi-Comp
➔ [www.lexi.com]
➔ Organized in BRIEF PRODUCT MONOGRAPH
★ Information is presented regarding clinical use,
safety , and monitoring for a variety of drugs.
➔ Contains:
★ FDA-approved medications
★ off-label use of medications.
➔ There is a limited table identification section as part
of the electronic format

A

DRUG INFORMATION HANDBOOK

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6
Q

➔ Organized into MONOGRAPHS and COMPARATIVE CHARTS.
➔ Contains information on:
★ Dosing
★ Dosing adjustments for special populations
★ Adverse events
★ Pharmacology
★ Pharmacokinetic data.
➔ Serves as a quick reference rather than an in-depth
review.

A

HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL DATA

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7
Q

➔ American Pharmacists Association (APA)
➔ [www.aphanet.org]
➔ Organized by BODY SYSTEM
★ focusing on those disease states for which self
care may be appropriate.
➔ Contains information on:
★ Comparative efficacy of various over
-the-counter (OTC) agents
★ Contraindications for self-treatment
★ Drug interactions
★ Other safety information
➔ Use of treatment algorithms and patient care cases
make this resource especially helpful for students
and new practitioners.

A

HANDBOOK OF NONPRESCRIPTION DRUGS:
AN INTERACTIVE APPROACH TO SELF CARE

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8
Q

➔ Thomson Healthcare
➔ [www.thomsonhc.com]
➔ Compilation of PRODUCT PACKAGE INSERTS.
➔ Contains additional information:
★ Contact information for manufacturers
★ List of poison control centers
★ Limited tablet identification
➔ Available: electronic online package from Thomson
and via MICROMEDEX, as well as in a PDA
format.
➔ Specially texts PDR:
★ PDR for herbal medicines
★ PDR for Nutritional supplements
★ PDR for Ophthalmic medicines
★ PDR for Nonprescription Drugs and Dietary Supplements.

A

PHYSICIAN’S DESK REFERENCE (PDR)

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9
Q

➔ Information from the United States Pharmacopoeia
(USP) Drug Information(DI) resources is also
included in MICROMEDEX healthcare Series.
➔ VOLUME I:
★ Contains information for the health care
professional ★ Organized into MONOGRAPHS based on
nonproprietary names.
★ Information included:
○ Indications
○ Pharmacology
○ Pharmacokinetics
➔ VOLUME II:
★ Contains advice for the layperson
★ Material intended to supplement counseling by
a health care professional
➔ VOLUME III:
★ Information about therapeutic equivalence and
USP/National Formulary (NF) requirements for
labeling, storing and packaging drugs.
★ Information about regulations and statutes
impacting pharmacy.
★ ORANGE BOOK - first portion of this volume
and contains the same information that is
available through the FDA

A

USP DRUG INDEX VOLUMES I, II, AND III

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10
Q

➔ U.S. Pharmacopoeia
➔ [www.usp.org]
➔ Official resource for determining generic and
chemical names of drugs, as well as the
international nonproprietary name.
➔ Contains additional information:
★ Chemical structure
★ Molecular weight
★ Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) registry
number
★ Pronunciation guide
ADVERSE EFF

A

USP DICTIONARY OF USAN AND
INTERNATIONAL DRUG NAMES

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11
Q

➔ Elsevier Publishing
➔ [www.elsevier.com]
➔ Published every 4 years with annual updates
➔ Provides a critical review of international literature
in the area of adverse events.
➔ Chapters - Organized by DRUG CLASSIFICATION
➔ Adverse events - Organized by drug name and
then by organ system within each drug.

A

MEYLER’S SIDE EFFECTS OF DRUGS

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12
Q

➔ Facts and Comparisons
➔ Contains brief entries, indexed by product and
generic name
➔ Contains information on:
★ Product use
★ Available dosage forms and sizes
★ Charts are also available, including:
○ Look-alike/sound-alike medications
○ Pregnancy categories
○ Normal laboratory values
○ Common pharmacy calculations
➔ Updated annually

A

AMERICAN DRUG INDEX

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13
Q

➔ Thomson Healthcare
➔ Contains information on:
★ Prescription
★ OTC product availability and pricing
➔ Include a number of tables listing information such
as sugar-free, lactose-free, or alcoholic-free
preparations.
➔ Additional information:
★ National Drug Coded(NDC) numbers
★ Routes of administration
★ Dosage form, size, and strength.

A

Red Book

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14
Q

➔ American Pharmacists Association
➔ [www.aphanet.org]
➔ A collection of U.S. Pharmacist columns that have
been printed as text.
➔ Provides method of
★ Preparation
★ Stability
★ Discussion of utility of the dosage form

A

Allen’s Compounded Information

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15
Q

➔ American Society of Health-System
Pharmacists
➔ [www.ashp.org]
➔ Compilation of PUBLISHED RECIPES with
STABILITY DATA.
➔ Most products are ORAL FORMULATIONS to
reflect the unique needs of some pediatric patients.
➔ Information is also provided about LEGAL and
TECHNICAL ISSUES in compounding practices

A

EXTERMPORANEOUS FORMULATIONS

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16
Q

➔ Provides descriptions of the chemical and
pharmacologic information about a variety of
products.
➔ Contains:
★ CAS number
★ Chemical structure
★ Molecular weight
★ Physical data: solubility, which may be especially
useful in compounding.
➔ Available: print, online and on CD-ROM.

A

Merck Index

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17
Q

➔ Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
➔ Contains information about all aspects of pharmacy
practice.
➔ Discussion:
★ Social issues impacting pharmacy
★ Information about the basics of pharmaceutics,
manufacturing, pharmacodynamics, and medicinal
chemistry.
➔ Information is provided regarding common
compounding techniques and ingredients.

A

REMINGTON: THE SCIENCE AND PRACTICE
OF PHARMACY

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18
Q

➔ Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
➔ [www.lww.com]
➔ A text resource with CD-ROM
➔ Organized in an OUTLINE FORMAT to easily find
information
➔ Discussion:
★ Compounding techniques
★ Explanations of additives used in compounding

A

A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO CONTEMPORARY
PHARMACY PRACTICE

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19
Q

➔ Available in both text and CD-ROM format
➔ Contains the official substance and product and
product standards.
➔ Official preparation instructions are given for a
limited number of commonly compounded
products.
➔ Some journals are especially useful for
compounding “recipes” (ex. International Journal of
Pharmacy Compounding, U.S. Pharmacist, or
American Druggist

A

USP/NF

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20
Q

➔ McGraw-Hill
➔ A Classic pharmacology text that provides
information about PHARMACOKINETICS and
PHARMACODYNAMICS of a number of drugs.
➔ Focused to provide a correlation between
PRINCIPLES OF PHARMACOLOGY AND
CONTEMPORARY CLINICAL PRACTICE.

A

GOODMAN & GILMAN’S:THE
PHARMACOLOGICAL BASIS OF
THERAPEUTICS

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21
Q

➔ Lange
➔ [www.mcgraw-hill.com]
➔ Organized by THERAPEUTIC CLASS OF
AGENTS
➔ Contains:
★ General discussion of pharmacology principles
★ More detailed discussion of specific agents
➔ Figures and tables are used frequently to illustrate
difficult material

A

BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY

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22
Q

➔ Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
➔ [www.lww.com]
➔ Designed for medical students
➔ Offers a good discussion of pharmacology in the
context of a variety of biologic processes.
➔ The use of cases with accompanying study
questions makes clinical application of these
principles easy.

A

PRINCIPLES OF PHARMACOLOGY

23
Q

➔ Updated quarterly
➔ Provides RAPID INFORMATION regarding severity
and likelihood of an interaction and actions needed
to minimize this risk based on the case studies and
primary literature available.
➔ Contains:
★ Summaries,
★ Mechanisms,
★ Management options for reported drug
interactions
➔ Also includes information regarding severity of
interaction and any risk factors that might predispose patients to this event.

A

HANSTEN AND HORN’S DRUG INTERACTION
ANALYSIS AND MANAGEMENT

24
Q

➔ Facts and Comparisons
➔ [www.factsandcomparisons.com]
➔ Contains information about:
★ Drug-drug
★ Drug-food interactions.
➔ Discussion:
★ Significance of the interaction
★ Suggestions for management.
➔ Available in both bound and loose-leaf texts.
➔ Available: electronically via CD-ROM and as part of
an online subscription.

A

DRUG INTERACTION FACTS

25
Q

➔ Thomson MICROMEDEX
➔ [www.thomsonhc.com]
➔ A database within the MICROMEDEX system.
➔ Contains information about
★ Drug-drug interactions
★ Drug-food interactions
★ Drug-supplement interactions
➔ Discussion:
★ Severity
★ Management
★ LITERATURE about the interaction
➔ Available: CD-ROM, PDA, and the Internet.

A

DRUG-REAX

26
Q

➔ First databank
➔ [www.firstdatabank.com]
➔ A loose-leaf reference
➔ Organized by DRUG CLASS, about the
management of various drug interactions.
➔ Discussion:
★ Mechanism of drug interaction
★ Recommendations for management
★ Clinical significance
➔ Available: format of an electronic database.

A

EVALUATION OF DRUG INTERACTIONS

27
Q

➔ Medi-Span
➔ [www.medispan.com]
➔ CD-ROM resource
➔ Contains information about
★ Drug-drug interactions
★ Drug-food interactions
★ Drug-alcohol interactions.
➔ Discussions:
★ Onset of interaction
★ Severity
★ Mechanism
★ Management

A

DRUG THERAPY MONITORING SYSTEM

28
Q

➔ Pharmaceutical press
➔ [www.pharmpress.com]
➔ Available in CD-ROM, Internet, and print formats
➔ Contains concise summaries of drug interactions
with supporting primary reference citations.
➔ The text uses both British (British Approved Name
(BAN)) and American (United States Adopted
Name(USAN)) drug names

A

STOCKLEY’S DRUG INTERACTIONS

29
Q

➔ Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
➔ [www.lww.com]
➔ Contains information about:
★ Disease states
★ Treatment options
➔ Information is presented in the form of CASES
WITH FOLLOW UP DISCUSSION.
➔ Focused on CLINICAL CASE BASED presentation
of information.
➔ Available: Pocket sized handbook designed to
accompany the text, PDA version
➔ Updated every 3 - 4 years and comes with a CD _
ROM.

A

APPLIED THERAPEUTICS: THE CLINICAL USE
OF DRUGS

30
Q

➔ Saunders
➔ [us.elsevierhealth.com]
➔ Contains:
★ Etiology
★ Manifestations
★ Diagnosis
★ Treatment
★ Prognosis
➔ Organized by DISEASE STATE and COLOR -
CODED to speed usage.
➔ Available: print, CD_ROM, PDA, and Internet
[www.cecelmedicine.com] formats

A

CECIL TEXTBOOK OF MEDICINE

31
Q

McGraw-Hill
➔ [www.mcgraw-hill.com]
➔ Serves as a fairly comprehensive introduction to
clinical medicine.
➔ Comprehensive information is presented includes:
★ Pathophysiology
★ Differential diagnosis
★ Disease management
➔ Available: text, PDA, and electronic formats

A

HARRISON’S PRINCIPLES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE

32
Q

➔ Merck & Co.
➔ [www.merck.com]
➔ Provides a quick summary of disease state
information, including pathology, symptoms,
diagnosis, and treatment.
➔ Available: online as a free resource at
[http:.//www.merck.com/mrkshared/mmanual/home.
jsp], and as a CD-ROM and a PDA version

A

THE MERCK MANUAL OF DIAGNOSIS AND
THERAPY

33
Q

➔ McGraw-Hill
➔ [www.mcgraw-hill.com]
➔ Focused on the management of a variety of
disease states.
➔ Accompanying texts:
★ Pharmacotherapy casebook: A Patient-Focused
Approach
★ Pharmacotherapy Handbook
➔ Information provided about disorders includes:
★ Epidemiology
★ Etiology
★ Presentation of disease
★ Treatment
★ Treatment outcomes
➔ Available: CD-ROM

A

PHARMACOTHERAPY: A PATHOPHYSIOLOGIC
APPROACH

34
Q

➔ Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
➔ [www.lww.com]
➔ Focused:
★ Treatment of diseases states
★ Development of a therapeutic plan
➔ sections regarding pathophysiology and clinical
presentation are also provided.
➔ Available: PDA, CD-ROM, and text versions

A

TEXTBOOK OF THERAPEUTICS

35
Q

➔ Lexi-Comp
➔ [www.lexi.com]
➔ Contain TRADITIONAL SECTIONS of drug
information, but FOCUS on dosing
recommendations for geriatric patients.
➔ A special section of each monograph
ADDRESSING CONCERNS SPECIFIC TO THE
GERIATRIC POPULATION.
➔ Limited references to primary literature are
provided.
➔ Available: online on CD-ROM, and in PDA format

A

GERIATRIC DOSAGE HANDBOOK

36
Q

➔ Merck & Co.
➔ [www.merck.com]
➔ Available in print and online
➔ Focuses primarily on
★ Management of diseases
★ Common conditions in geriatric patients
★ Appropriate dosing of medications

A

THE MERCK MANUAL OF GERIATRICS

37
Q

human studies did not show a risk to the developing fetus pregnancy

A

A

38
Q

animal studies did not show a risk to the developing fetus in pregnancy and there are no studies done in pregnant women

A

B

39
Q

animal studies = harmful effects on the developing fetus

no studies in pregnant women

should be given if potential benefits outweighs risks

A

C

40
Q

human studies = harmful effects on developing fetus but benefits are acceptable despite risk

e.g life-threatening or serious illness

A

D

41
Q

both human and animal studies = serious harmful effects on developing fetus

strictly prohibited during pregnancy

e.g chemotherapy drugs and oral isotretinoin

A

X

42
Q

➔ Mosby
➔ [www.mosby.com]
➔ Assembled by medical residents
➔ Contains a succinct discussion of
★ Common diseases and conditions of newborn to
adolescent patients.
★ Common side effects and dosage forms of pediatric
medications.
➔ A significant portion of the book is dedicated to
medication dosing, specifically pediatrics.

A

THE HARRIET LANE HANDBOOK

43
Q

Contains:
★ Brief drug monographs specific to neonates
arranged by drug therapeutic class.
➔ Each monograph has information about
★ dose
★ monitoring,
★ adverse reactions
★ preparation of drug
★ limited references to primary literature.
➔ Available: print, PDA, and online forms

A

NEOFAX

44
Q

➔ Lexi-Comp
➔ [www.lexi.com]
➔ The monographs in this resource contains
★ Traditional sections of drug information
★ Common extemporaneous preparations
➔ Focused on detailed dosing recommendations for
pediatrics.
➔ Limited references are also available online, on
CD-ROM and in PDA forma

A

PEDIATRIC DOSAGE HANDBOOK

45
Q

➔ European Society of Clinical Pharmacy
➔ [www.escpweb.org]
➔ Offers information about the identification of
European medications.
➔ Information is provided about dosage form,
strength, and name of principle ingredients.
➔ Includes a dictionary translating dosage form
terms.

A

EUROPEAN DRUG INDEX

46
Q

➔ North American Compendiums
➔ [www.prodvm.com]
➔ Similar to the human PDR in terms of information
provided and format.
➔ Contains the product monographs for over 4800
pharmaceutical, biologic, diagnostic, feed additive,
and pesticide products that are currently available.
➔ The reference contains indices of manufacturers
and distributors, brand names/ingredients, and
product categories

A

COMPENDIUM OF VETERINARY PRODUCTS
(CVP)

47
Q

➔ Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
➔ [http://www.fda.gov/cvm/default.html]
➔ Provides information for pharmacists about:
★ LEGAL or REGULATORY ISSUES that affect the
practice of veterinary pharmacy or veterinary
medicine.
➔ Useful for regulatory issues pertaining to ANIMAL
HEALTH.
➔ The compliance policy guide (CPG 608.400)
Compounding of drugs for Use in Animals and the
Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act
(AMDUCA)
★ essential reading
for any pharmacist who practices veterinary pharmacy
➔ CVM updates - detail the prohibited use of drugs in
certain animal populations.
➔ Updates on the judicious use of antibiotics in food
producing animals are posted at this site.
➔ Contains:
★ GREEN Book - Listing of all FDA approved animal drugs
★ Patent information
★ Manufacturer lists
★ Indications
★ Approval numbers
★ General drug information
★ Code of regulations
★ Trade/generic names

A

FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION/CENTER
FOR VETERINARY MEDICINE HOMEPAGE

48
Q

➔ Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
➔ Quick reference textbook on internal medicine in canine and feline health.
➔ Focuses:
★ Signs and symptoms
★ Drug indications Laboratory interpretations.
➔ Good appendices are provided on conversion tables, lab vales, drug formularies, and toxicology

A

THE 5-MINUTE VETERINARY CONSULTANT:
CANINE AND FELINE

49
Q

➔ W.B. Saunders Company
➔ [www.us.elsevierhealth.com/Veterinary]
➔ Practical, useful, and informative TWO-VOLUME
RESOURCE.
➔ Focused on internal medicine topics in canines and
felines.
➔ Provides extensive coverage of pathophysiology,
diagnosis, and treatment of diseases affecting dogs
and cats.

A

TEXTBOOK OF VETERINARY INTERNAL
MEDICINE: DISEASES OF THE DOG AND CAT

50
Q

➔ Blackwell Publishing
➔ [www.blackwellprofessional.co m]
➔ Written by a pharmacist.
➔ Considered one of the most useful references for:
★ Off-label drug dosages
★ Indications
★ Specific drug information on human - and
veterinary-labeled pharmaceuticals.
➔ Monographs are listed in alphabetical order, and
categorize drugs chemistry, pharmacology,
indications, dosages, contraindications, and
interactions into an easily identifiable format.
➔ Pharmacists should also be aware that more
resources are becoming available in a variety of
formats.
Available: client information booklet, CD-ROM, the
Internet, or via PDA.
➔ Electronic resources are often preferred because:
★ Easier to use
★ Allow quicker access to information
★ Allow multiple searches to be performed
simultaneously
★ Often contain the most recent information
available regarding a topic

A

Veterinary Drug Handbook

51
Q

➔ Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
➔ [www.lww.com]
➔ Often referred to as BRIGG’S
➔ Focused on the use of medications in pregnant or
lactating women.
➔ Contains summaries of the literature available
regarding fetal exposure in utero or exposure
through breast milk
➔ In cases where human literature is lacking, Animal
Literature is provided
➔ Additional information about recommendations by
organizations such as the American Academy of
pediatrics is provided

A

DRUGS IN PREGNANCY AND LACTATION

52
Q

➔ American Society of Health System
Pharmacists
➔ [www.ashp.org]
➔ Commonly called TRISSEL’S
➔ Contains:
★ Compatibility, and
★ Stability of various parenteral medications
★ Routes of administration
★ Commercially available strengths
➔ Information is provided in the form of CHARTS and
TABLES, making finding information relatively
quick.
➔ Available: pocket sized handbook and a CD-ROM
version

A

HANDBOOK OF INJECTABLE DRUGS

53
Q

➔ King Guide publications
➔ [www.kingguide.com]
➔ Contains over 400 IV drug monographs
➔ Focused on COMPATIBILITY INFORMATION.
➔ Limited information about stability is available
➔ Available: loose-leaf, bound copy, CD-ROM, as an
Internet resource, and for PDAs.

A

KING GUIDE TO PARENTERAL ADMIXTURES

54
Q

➔ American Pharmacists Association
➔ [www.aphanet.org]
➔ Information is provided on nearly 300 compounded
oral, enteral, ophthalmic, and topical formulations,
organized by drug name.
➔ Provides extensive citations of the stability and
formulation studies.
➔ Has limited discussion of compatibility with other
drug products.

A

TRISSEL’S STABILITY OF COMPOUNDED
FORMULATIONS

PHIN (5 decks)

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