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Germany > Source Question - Booklet 4 Exam > Flashcards

Source Question - Booklet 4 Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What sort of family did Adenauer grow up in?

A

A political family - both his parents were civil servants

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2
Q

Who did he marry? What were the benefits of this?

A

Emma Weyer

Gave him an army of social connections

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3
Q

What was Adenauer appointed as in 1917?

A

The mayor of Cologne

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4
Q

What did Adenauer being appointed mayor in 1917 mean?

A

He was the youngest mayor in Prussia

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5
Q

What did Adenauer do to help Cologne during WW1?

A

He organised Cologne’s food supply during the first world war

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6
Q

What was Adenauer’s influence during Weimar years?

A

He became one of the most influential politicians in Germany

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7
Q

What was Adenauer’s impact on Germany during the Weimar years?

A

He developed Cologne into a metropolis of the West

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8
Q

What happened to Adenauer during the Nazi period?

A

He was replaced as the mayor of Cologne and banished

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9
Q

What did Adenauer do after the ban on political activity had been lifted?

A

He focused all his time and energy on the CDU

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10
Q

When did Adenauer become Chairman of the Rhineland CDU?

A

5 February 1946

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11
Q

When did Adenauer become the Federal Chancellor of the CDU group of Germany?

A

September 15 1949

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12
Q

What did the late 1950s and early 1960s mark in terms of relations between East and West Germany?

A

An all time low

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13
Q

When was the Berlin Wall constructed?

A

August 13 1961

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14
Q

How did Adenauer think of himself in terms of nationality?

A

European first, German second

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15
Q

Why did Adenauer focus on developing political relations with France?

A

He wanted Germany and France to have a better relationship, as it had been damaged by the past occupation

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16
Q

How did Adenauer feel about Prussian militarism?

A

Thought it was to blame for the rise of the Nazis

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17
Q

What was Law No.46

A

“The Prussian State which from early days has been a bearer of militarism and reaction in Germany has de facto ceased to exist”

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18
Q

How was Adenauer’s approach different to Weimar’s (2)

A

Had the support of the Catholic Church

Vehemently opposed Communism

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19
Q

What did Adenauer think was the key to the future survival and prosperity of Western Europe?

A

Economic and political cooperation

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20
Q

Why was the CDU popular with the Western occupying powers?

A

Strong economic powers and anti-Communist stance

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21
Q

Who was Ludwig Erhard?

A

Minister for Economics

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22
Q

How did Ludwig Erhard affect the GNP of West Germany

A

The GNP trebled during the 1950s

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23
Q

What was Ludwig Erhard’s economic programme?

A

Germany moved to an advanced economy based on electronics, cars, banking and education through the use of Marshal Aid money

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24
Q

What was Adenauer’s stance on reunification?

A

He was strongly opposed

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25
What percentage of West Germans were Catholics?
45%
26
How many seats did the CDU win compared to the SPD in the first election? What percentage of the votes was this
139 compared to 131 | 31% compared to 29.2%
27
Who did the CDU form a coalition with after the first election?
The Free Democratic Party and the German Party
28
When was the first election?
14th August 1949
29
Who become the first President of the FRG
Theodore Heuss
30
How did Schumaker react to Adenauer's coalition
Criticised him for supposedly leading a weak coalition
31
What did Schumaker think Adenauer's pro-West policies would lead to
Believed Adenauer would become a puppet of the USA
32
What does ECSC stand for
The European and Steel Community
33
When was the ECSC signed
1951
34
What did the ECSC do?
It combined heavy industry in France, West Germany, Italy, Belgium, Holland and Luxemburg into one common market
35
What does EEC stand for?
The European Economic Community
36
When was the EEC signed
1957
37
What did the EEC do?
Abolished tariffs between member states (thus improved West German exports)
38
What did Adenauer's social policies in the 1950s help do?
Improved home-ownership and access to consumer goods
39
How were real wages affected from 1950-64?
Real wages doubled from 1950-64
40
What approach did the CDU take to women?
Women were discouraged from entering the work force - the CDU wanted them to focus on family life
41
Why did Adenauer propose the creation of an FRG army?
Adenauer feared that East Germany might attempt a similar invasion to North Korea
42
How many people did Adenauer propose be in the FRG army
150,000
43
Who did Adenauer face opposition from over the proposition of the FRG army? (3)
SPD Germany's churches Trade Unions
44
How can you see that Germans supported the proposition of an FRG army?
In the 1953 election the CDU won 45.2% of the votes
45
When did the General Treaty come into force?
5th May 1955
46
What was the General Treaty (1955)
Handed control of foreign policy to the FRG within NATO
47
What did the FRG having its own army mean?
The FRG was crucial in the antii-Communist alliance of Cold War Europe
48
When did West Germany join NATO?
1955
49
What the Hallstein Doctrine? (2)
A doctrine which stated that no country could gain financial assistance from the FRG if it recognised the GDR. It would also be considered a hostile act
50
When was the Hallstein Doctrine ended?
1972 when Willy Brandt agreed to recognise the GDR
51
What percentage of votes did the CDU win in 1957?
50.2%
52
What did the CDU campaign with during the 1957 election?
The slogan "No Experiments"
53
Give two reasons for why Adenauer gained more support during the 1957 election?
West Germany's "economic miracle" He successfully negotiated the release of German prisoners of war from the USSR in 1955, in return for the FRG's recognition of the USSR
54
How did the Hungarian Uprising in 1956 increase support for Adenaur?
Adenauer had the support of the USA and their military
55
How long did Schumaker spend in the Nazi concentration camp
10 years
56
What was Schumaker's legacy after the war as a SPD politician
He was the only SPD politician alive who had neither fled nor collaborated with the Nazis
57
What direction did Schumaker want to push the SPD in?
A socialist but anti-communist direction
58
What was Schumaker's stance on reunification
He was a nationalist who wanted reunification
59
Why did Schumaker lose popularity with the Catholic Church
He argued that Adenauer was a puppet of the Catholic Church
60
What was the SPD's proposed economy in 1949?
A planned economy
61
What was the CDU's proposed economy in 1949?
Free market economy (had been in place since 1945)
62
What key policies of the CDU did the SPD oppose 1949-52
Integration with Western and Europe
63
Why did the SPD oppose integration with Western Europe and NATO?
Thought it made the reunification less likely
64
When did Schumaker die?
20th August 1952
65
Why did the SPD's political position weaken
The SPD's political position weakened due to their inability to show a clear and coherent opposition
66
How was Ollenhauer as a political opponent?
A weaker political opponent
67
How did the SPD under Schumaker and Ollenahauer believe Germany should integrate with the the West?
Believed Germany should only integrate after reunification, and even then the integration should be based on socialist values
68
What sort of direction did Willy Brandt give the SPD?
A new modern direction
69
What was the Godesburg Programme?
A key SPD programme in 1959, which announced a new political direction for the SPD
70
What was the effect of the Godesburg Programme?
Took the SPD away from its Marxist roots and fully endorsed the capitalist market economy
71
How did the SPD (under Willy Brandt) feel about NATO and Western Europe
Fully supported the FRG's intergration with Western Europe and membership of NATO
72
How did the SPD's relationship with the Catholic church change under Willy Brandt
The Godesburg Programme meant the party became "a party of the whole people"
73
How did the CDU and SPD's relationship change under Willy Brandt
The SPD asserted it would be willing to work with the CDU in a coalition, if requested
74
How did the SPD's relationship with the USA change under Willy Brandt
The SPD gained the backing of the US under President Kennedy
75
When did the SPD and CDU enter into a coalition government?
1966
76
When did Willy Brandt become the Chancellor
1969

Germany (4 decks)

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