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Stuff for tests > SOUNDS and liiiiigggghhhhht > Flashcards

SOUNDS and liiiiigggghhhhht Flashcards

1
Q

What is light?

A

The transfer of energy

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2
Q

What is the normal?

A

A 90 degree line to a surface

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3
Q

How do we see?

A

When light reflects of an object to our eyes.

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4
Q

What are luminous objects?

A

Sources of light, like the Sun.

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5
Q

What does light require to go?

A

Nothing; it can pass through any or even no medium.

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6
Q

What is the angle of incidence?

A

The angle between the normal and a light ray.

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7
Q

What is the angle of reflection?

A

The angle between the normal and a reflected light ray.

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8
Q

What is the angle of refraction?

A

The angle between the normal and a refracted ray.

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9
Q

What does light do if it passes through the boundaries of mediums?

A

It bends either away or towards the normal depending on whether light goes faster or slower through the new medium.

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10
Q

What is the critical angle and what is it approximately?

A

It is the angle at which a light will perfectly reflect of a surface. It is around 42 degrees.

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11
Q

What are the 3 primary colours of light?

A

Red, blue and green.

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12
Q

How do we get all the other colours on the spectrum?

A

By mixing different amounts of red, green and blue light.

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13
Q

What is white and black light?

A

White light is a mix of all the colours and black light is no colours.

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14
Q

If a blue object had red light shone on it, what colour would it be and why?

A

Black because blue objects only reflect blue light and absorbs the other colours of the spectrum.

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15
Q

How does a filter work?

A

It only lets light of its colour pass through

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16
Q

What is the pupil and how does it help us see?

A

A hole in the centre of the iris. It contains muscles that contract and retract to let certain amounts of light through.

17
Q

What is the lens and how does it help you see?

A

The lens is a transparent circle of living cells. It can alter its shape to focus a sharp image onto the retina.

18
Q

What is the retina and how does it help you see?

A

The retina contains cells that detect light and send messages about it to the brain via the optic nerve.

19
Q

What is sound?

A

It is a MECHANICAL method of transferring energy.

20
Q

Can sound travel in a vacuum and why?

A

No because sound needs a medium to go through.

21
Q

How is sound made?

A

It is made when an object vibrates.

22
Q

How does sound travel?

A

When particles vibrate from the vibrating object.

23
Q

Where does sound travel fastest and why?

A

Solids because the particles are closest together, so the vibrations travel from particle to particle quicker.

24
Q

What type of wave is sound?

A

A longitudinal wave.

25
Q

What is a longitudinal wave?

A

A wave when the vibrations are parallel to the direction that the wave is travelling.

26
Q

What is a wavelength?

A

The space from one low pressure area (compression) to another or a high pressure area (rarefaction) to another.

27
Q

What is the frequency?

A

The number of waves per second.

28
Q

On a wave diagram, what is the amplitude shown by?

A

The distance between the top and the bottom per wave.

29
Q

On a wave diagram, what is the frequency shown by?

A

The length of each wave.

30
Q

What is an echo?

A

A reflection of sound.

31
Q

What is the pinna and how does it help us hear?

A

The pinna is the cartilagey bit on the outside of the ear. It helps funnel the sound so it can get into the ear canal.

32
Q

What is the eardrum and how does it help us hear?

A

The ear drum is a very thin piece of skin that vibrates wit the sound.

33
Q

What is the cochlea and now does it help us hear?

A

It is a snail like tube that is filled with fluid. It sends impulses from sound to the brain.

34
Q

What is a hearing range?

A

The lowest to highest frequency that can be heard.

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