Fossils and Genetics and Evolution

Question 1

What are fossils?

Answer 1

Fossils are ancient remains of an organism encase in rock or minerals.

Question 2

Where are fossils most likely to be created?

Answer 2

Underwater.

Question 3

Which kind of rock is a fossil most likely going to be encased in?

Answer 3

Sedimentary.

Question 4

What do you call an animal that has none of its kind alive?

Answer 4

Extinct.

Question 5

Why would a species with a low amount of population (between 2 and 50) be almost guaranteed to become extinct? (hard)

Answer 5

There would not be enough options to reproduce with, which would eventually pollute the gene pool of the children and cause them to die out.

Question 6

What is the difference between a continuous and discontinuous characteristic?

Answer 6

A continuous characteristic can be ordered easily, while a discontinuous one can only be put in categories.

Question 7

What is an environmental characteristic?

Answer 7

A characteristic that is not made via genes and is instead a result of the organism’s actions and the environment they live in.

Question 8

What is an inherited characteristic?

Answer 8

A characteristic gained as a result of the organism’s genotype.

Question 9

Where in a cell is there chromosomes?

Answer 9

In the nucleus.

Question 10

How many pairs of chromosomes are there in each cell?

Answer 10

23 pairs.

Question 11

What do chromosomes contain?

Answer 11

Genes.

Question 12

What characteristics do mammals usually have?

Answer 12

Hair or fur, are warm-blooded, have live births and have lungs.

Question 13

What characteristics do reptiles usually have?

Answer 13

Scaly skin, are cold-blooded, lay eggs, live on land and have lungs.

Question 14

What characteristics do amphibians usually have?

Answer 14

Smooth and slimy skin, can live in land and water, cold-blooded and lay eggs.

Question 15

What characteristics do birds usually have?

Answer 15

Feathers, warm-blooded, live in land, mostly can fly, lay eggs and have lungs.

Question 16

What characteristics do fish usually have?

Answer 16

Scaly skin, live in water, have gills, lay eggs and are cold-blooded.

Question 17

In a chromosome, you have two … of a gene.

Answer 17

Alleles

Question 18

If one allele was for blue eyes and the other was for brown eyes, what colour eyes would you have and why?

Answer 18

Brown eyes because that is the dominant gene.

Question 19

How do you get your 46 chromosomes?

Answer 19

You get 23 from your father’s sperm cell, and 23 from your mother’s egg cell.

Question 20

If your mother had 1 brown eye allele and 1 blue eye allele and your father had 2 blue eye alleles, what is the chance of the offspring having blue eyes?

Answer 20

50%

Question 21

Species show…

Answer 21

Variation

Question 22

If there was a drought and the only food left was nuts, which kinds of bird would survive?

Answer 22

Those with big beaks.

Question 23

Who was the person who introduced the idea of natural selection?

Answer 23

Charles Darwin

Question 24

Charles Darwin’s idea was
A) graciously accepted
B) treated as nonsense

Answer 24

B

Question 25

Why was Darwin’s theory rejected for the most part?

Answer 25

Because back in his time, almost everyone believed in Christianity and that God created every animal to be perfectly adapted to their environment.