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IMT > Sound waves > Flashcards

Sound waves Flashcards

1
Q

Sound

A

Experential or physical

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2
Q

Experential sound

A

What we hear with our human auditory system

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3
Q

Physical sound

A

What travels from the source of the sound of the listener

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4
Q

Infrasound

A

Sound waves of less than 20Hz

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5
Q

Audible sound

A

Frequency between 20Hz and 20kHz

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6
Q

Ultrasound

A

Sound waves greater than 20kHz

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7
Q

Use of ultrasound

A

Diagnostic sonography uses ultrasound to produce images of anatomy, motion and flow

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8
Q

Transducer

A

Source of the sound waves

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9
Q

Tissue

A

Medium through which the sound travels

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10
Q

Sound

A

A traveling variation in pressure, when the speaker speaks variation in pressure are produced in the throat and mouth. These pressure variation travel through the air to the listener where they stimulate the auditory response in the ear and brain.

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11
Q

The acoustic variables

A

Pressure
Density
Distance

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12
Q

It is a sound wave when…

A

One of these acoustic variables have rhythmic oscillations

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13
Q

Wave

A

A traveling variation in one or more quantities called variables.

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14
Q

Pressure

A

Variation in soun waves cause the particles of the medium to vibrate back and forth
Acoustic variables becuase of quantities vary in sound wave

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15
Q

Density

A

The concentration of matter. Acoustic variables because of quantities that vary sound waves.

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16
Q

Rarefraction

A

Regions of low pressure and density

17
Q

Compression

A

Regionscof high pressure and density

18
Q

Longitudinal wave

A

A mechanical, compressional wave in which back and forth particle motion is parallel to the direction of the wave eg. sound wave

19
Q

Transverse waves

A

Particles move in a direction perpendicular to the direction of that the wave propagates. Involves no particular motion.

20
Q

Sound wave characteristics

A
  1. The molecules in the medium vibrate back and forth in a fixed position.
  2. cannot travel through a vacuum
  3. Sound molecules are compressed and rarefied
  4. travels in a straight line
  5. longitudinal
21
Q

In phase

A

Pair of waves when their peaks occur at the same time and the troughs, at the same location

22
Q

Out phase

A

Pair waves when their peaks and troughs occur at different times

23
Q

Interference

A

The waves lose their individual characteristics at that moment and combine to form a single wave.

24
Q

Constructive interference

A

Pair of in phase waves results in the formation of a single wave or greater amplitudes than either of its components

25
Q

Deconstructive interference

A

Pair out of phase waves results in the formation of a single wave of lesser amplitude than either of its components

26
Q

Sound wave parameters

A
  1. Period
  2. Frequency
  3. Amplitude
  4. Power
  5. Intensity
  6. Wavelength
  7. Speed
27
Q

Period

A

The time it takes to generate a single wave cycle
Determined by the sound source, not adjustable

28
Q

Frequency

A

The number of wave cycles that occur in a second. Has an impact on resolutions and penetration images. Not controlled by medium. Not adjustable.

29
Q

Bigness parameters

A

Parameters that describe the size, magnitude of the wave.
Amplitude, power, intensity

30
Q

Amplitude

A

Size/magnitude/ straight of the wave.
Difference between the max value and the average of an acoustic variable. Determined by the source and adjustable

31
Q

Power

A

The rate of energy transfer, describes the bigness of the wave. Decreases as the sound propagates depending on the characteristics of the medium. Is adjustable.

32
Q

Intensity

A

The concentration of energy in the sound beam. How the power I spread or distributed in space. Depends on the power of the beam and the area over which the power is applied.

33
Q

Wavelength

A

The distance of one complete cycle.
Shorter wavelength = higher quality image
= high frequency transducer

34
Q

Propagation of speed

A

The distance that a sound wave travels through a medium in 1 sec.

35
Q

Stiffness

A

The ability of an object to resist compression

36
Q

Density

A

The relative weight of an material

37
Q

Speed and medium characteristics

A

If two media are equally stiff, the denser medium will, have a lower speed

IMT (6 decks)

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