SOP's Flashcards
SOP’s, 100’s
Critical Fire Ground Factors:
fire, occupancy, life
hazard, arrangement, resources, actions, special circumstances,
SOP’s, 100’s
Hazard Zone Management:
Hazard zone management must take place at all levels on the
emergency scene, to include task, tactical, and strategic levels. Task level supervision is
the company officer’s responsibility. Tactical level supervision (divisions and groups) is
best managed by a district chief. Strategic level supervision is provided by incident
command.
SOP’s, 100’s
Three Deep Deployment Model:
The concept of companies working in the hazard zone,
companies being forward staged while on-deck, and companies in reserve at a level II
(formal staging) area.
SOP’s, 100’s
Work Rest Cycle:
The concept of managing a crew’s workload with reasonable rest
cycles. This concept is closely tied to Hazard Zone Management and Rules of Air
Management (ROAM). A work rest cycle is not a substitution for formal rehabilitation.
SOP’s, 100’s
Operational Principles
Life safety
Incident Stabilization
Property Conservation
Community Assistance
SOP’s, 100’s
Operational Principles
Life Safety
1.1 We will accept that we may risk our lives in a calculated manner in order to save
the lives of others.
1.2 We will accept some risk to our lives in a calculated manner to save the property
of others.
1.3 We will not risk our lives for lives or property that are already lost.
SOP’s, 100’s
Operational Principles
Incident Stabilization
the process of coordinated actions that stop the progress of
uncontrolled or destructive forces.
SOP’s, 100’s
Operational Principles
Property Conservation
s those actions that are taken to minimize or eliminate damage
to property.
Proactive approach
SOP’s, 100’s
Operational Principles
Community Assistance
efforts are focused on alleviating the loss and suffering of our
citizens.
Goal of the District to empower its members to provide quality customer service
SOP’s, 100’s
Response
It is the responsibility of the incident commander to ensure that the proper number and type of resources are dispatched in order to meet incident objectives.
For the purpose of response procedures, tower, ladder truck and truck are synonymous.
Stage 1 block from the incident when pending arrival of law enforcement unless 1st due officer deems otherwise.
SOP’s, 100’s
Response, EMS calls
Emergency Medical
Response:
All responses are emergent
unless otherwise noted
Emergency Medical Calls Closest Medic Unit
Closest Engine
District Chief, if reported as a
COR 0 or GSW
Alpha/Bravo/Omega Medical
Calls in Station 1 Response Zone
SaM-1
Medic Unit
Carbon Monoxide Detector with
a Medical Complaint
Medic Unit
Engine
SaM Officer
Mass Casualty Incident
(In addition to initial EMS
response)
Five Medic Units
Two Engines
District Chief
SaM Officer
Vehicle Accident Medic Unit
Engine
Vehicle Accident with
Extrication/High Mechanism
Vehicle into a Building
Medic Unit
Engine
Truck
District Chief
SaM Officer
Light Rail Collisions Medic Unit
Engine
Truck
District Chief
SaM Officer
All Highway Responses get an Additional Engine
SOP’s, 100’s
Response
Structure Fire
Fire Alarm, Residential Engine
Fire Alarm, Commercial Varies based on premises
One Engine (most fire alarms)
Two Engines - Second due unit
responds non-emergent
Two Engines
One Truck
One District Chief (some specific
fire alarms)
Smoke investigation inside Two Engines
Second due engine non-emergent
All structure fires Four Engines
Two Trucks
Two Medic Units
Two District Chiefs
SaM Officer
Investigator
Consider Rehab Truck
Second Alarm – All Occupancies
Three Engines
Truck
Medic Unit
District Chief
Air truck
Rehab truck
Notify Chiefs 1-9, PIO
Investigator supervisor
Third Alarm – All Occupancies Three Engines
Truck
Medic Unit
Rehabilitation Trailer
Augment Dispatch Staff
SOP’s, 100’s
Response
Vegetation Fire
Small Vegetation Fire
Consider upgrade of all
vegetation fires to Large
Vegetation Fire response on red
flag or high fire danger days
Brush Truck
Engine
District Chief
Large Vegetation Fire
• On red flag or high fire
danger days (per shift
commander)
• In greenbelt or open
space
• Large or fast moving
If structures are threatened add
three additional engines
Brush 9
Two Additional Brush Trucks
Two Engines
Two Medics
Tender
Two District Chiefs
SaM Officer
Investigator
Notify: Ops, UAS, PIO, FMO, USFS
2nd Alarm Vegetation Fire
If structures are threatened add
three additional engines
Three Brush Trucks
Two Engines
One District Chief
One Medic
Rehab
2nd Alarm Considerations • Additional alarms and
resources beyond second
alarm should be ordered as
Strike Teams/Task Forces.
• Consider mutual aid request
for tactical tender(s) and DFPC
Type 4 engine.
• Consider air resources early
(S.E.A.T. or helicopter).
• On-duty Wildland Team
members or day staff
resources can fill overhead
positions.
• Consider requesting the
Wildland Cache Trailer.
Out of District Mutual Aid
Request
Company 9 personnel staffing
Engine 9, Brush 9, or Brush 39 (or
combination thereof)
District Chief or Special Ops Chief
SOP’s, 100’s
Response
Fire, Other
Vehicle, not in or near a
structure: Engine, B7
Vehicle on the highway Two Engines, B7
Dumpster, not in or near a structure: Engine
Appliance, fire confined within
the appliance
Sparking electrical service
Smoking electrical motor
Smoking light ballast: Two engines, 2nd non emergent
SOP’s, 100’s
Staging
Level 1
1.1 Level One Staging – Incoming units that have not been given an assignment by
the incident commander shall stage near the incident in the direction of travel
toward the incident. Engine companies should normally position at the nearest
hydrant. All personnel shall be dressed in appropriate PPE and be prepared to
receive an assignment.
SOP’s, 100’s
Staging
Level two
1.2 Level Two Staging – Incoming units report to a staging area that has been
identified by the incident commander. The first arriving officer shall assume the
role of staging area manager, and is responsible for:
1.2.1 Checking in and maintaining accountability of all units assigned to
staging.
1.2.2 Maintaining communications with the incident commander, on a radio
channel separate from the incident tactical communications when
possible.
1.2.3 Assigning units from staging to the incident.
SOP’s, 200’s
Incident Command Principles
An incident command system shall be established and observed at every WMFR incident
and shall be utilized as applicable to all training and simulation.
An incident command system shall be established and observed at every WMFR incident
and shall be utilized as applicable to all training and simulation.
The incident commander is responsible for the formation and execution of the incident
action plan. Duties, but not responsibility, may be delegated through the incident
only 1 incident commander, or unified command
ICS 100, 200, 700, 800.
SOP’s, 200’s
Command Staff
Incident Safety Officer (ISO)
Public Information Officer (PIO)
Liaison Officer
SOP’s, 200’s
General Staff
Operations Section Chief (OSC)
Planning Section Chief (PSC)
Logistics Section Chief (LSC)
Finance Section Chief (FSC)
SOP’s, 200’s
Divisions and Groups
Incident commanders (IC) should consider establishing geographic divisions or
functional groups as a means to manage span of control, increase efficiency, and
provide for greater accountability. Establishing groups and divisions supports the
concept of hazard zone management.
Divisions shall normally be named using alphabetic references when distributed
horizontally, and numeric references when distributed vertically.
Groups shall be named using the functional tasks of the assignment.
SOP’s, 200’s
Radio Reports
5 Radio Reports typically used:
Initial radio report (IRR)
Follow-up radio report (FRR)
Command Transfer
Condition report (CAN)
Strategic Shifts
SOP’s, 200’s
Radio Reports:
Initial Radio Report
Used on all responses with multiple recourses, EMS excluded.
Minimum:
confirm the location of the incident,
provide a description of the conditions found on arrival,
briefly describe the actions that are being taken.
Minimum for structure fires and fire alarms:
Confirm address
Building size, height, and occupancy
Event: nothing showing, smoke showing, working fire, defensive conditions, and location of problem
Declare command option: offensive, defensive, defensive on fire unit offensive on exposures
IAP/resource assignments
Resource determination–continue in, cancel, or order additional.
SOP’s, 200’s
Radio Reports:
Follow-up radio report
Findings of 360:
immediate rescues, fire conditions, basement, any changes to IAP, accountability location, confirm/changes to incident priority, immediate safety concerns
SOP’s, 200’s
Radio Reports:
Command transfer
Minimum required information:
Situation status
Current assignments/actions
Tactical needs
Assuming officer must acknowledge info received, confirm they are taking command, announce strategy, advice dispatch of the transfer.
SOP’s, 200’s
Radio Reports:
CAN reports
Communicated between tactical levels and command.
Include:
Fire conditions
Crew actions
Needs if any
SOP’s, 200’s
Command Options
The first arriving IC is responsible for determining the initial command option.
Investigating
Fast attack or fast action
Command Post
SOP’s, 200’s
Benchmarks
WMFR has established the following benchmarks to represent that the associated
operational principles have been met. The incident commander shall announce each
benchmark as it is met over the incident command channel.
All clear
Water on the fire
Fire under control
Loss stopped
Community assistance addressed
SOP’s, 200’s
Threat Liaison Officer (TLO)
Threat Liaison Officer (TLO) - The threat liaison officer is an identified person within the
organization who is responsible for coordinating terrorist and other criminal intelligence
information through the Colorado Information Analysis Center and local law
enforcement partners.
Unclassified/For Official Use Only (U/FOUO) - A designation used to identify sensitive
but unclassified information which warrants protection and control that meets the
criteria for exemption from public disclosure under the Privacy Act, and state and
federal Freedom of Information Acts.
. Unclassified/Law Enforcement Sensitive (U/LES) - A designation used to identify
sensitive but unclassified information that is intended for law enforcement personnel
only.
SOP’s 300’s
SCBA use
8 requirements of use:
Atmosphere is contaminated with products of combustion or other chems
Oxygen deficient (<19.5%) or oxygen rich (>23.5%).
Below grade or meets the definition of a confined space and IDLH isnt ruled out
The possibility of having a lower explosive limit (LEL) of greater than 10%
35 PPM or greater of Carbon Monoxide (CO).
25 PPM or greater of Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S).
10 PPM or greater of Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN).
10 PPM or greater of volatile organic compounds.
SOP’s 300’s
SCBA use
Must operate in teams of 2 or more
Must carry a self-rescue rope bag
Cannot DOFF until IC allows and CO is lower than 35PPM
SOP’s 300’s
Rule of Air Management
Responsibility of each member
Minimum SCBA cylinder pressure of 5050
50% light activates, officer shall notify supervisor
Plan to exit prior to low-air alert.
If low air alert activates prior to exiting, officer shall:
report unit designation, location, and estimated time of exit to supervisor
Low air activation not accompanied by a radio report shall be considered a MAYDAY until proven otherwise
SOP’s 300’s
Rehabilitation
Rehabilitation shall be established during all emergency operations and training
exercises when participants are subjected to strenuous working conditions or exposure
to hot or cold environmental conditions that could result in adverse medical conditions.
Self rehab shall be:
hydration and rest of at least 10 minutes following depletion of 1 SCBA bottle, or 20 minutes intense physical activity without SCBA
SOP’s 300’s
Rehabilitation
Formal Rehab:
Minimum 20 minutes rest, hydration, nourishment, cool-down, and medical evaluation.
When:
the depletion of two SCBA cylinders,
40 minutes of intense physical labor without SCBA,
or the depletion of one SCBA cylinder while using an encapsulating chemical protective
suit.
SOP’s 300’s
Rehabilitation
Formal rehab medical evaluation: (minimum 20 minutes)
Heart rate
Temperature
BP
Pulse O2
Heart rate above 110 and temp above 100.6 shall not be released from rehab.
Rehab extended if heart rate is above 100 but temp is lower than 100.6
BP needs to be below 160/100 for release from rehab
Pulse O2 shall be between 95 and 100% room air after 20 minutes. If below 95, rehab extended.
SOP’s 300’s
RIT
The third due engine company on the
response order should prepare themselves to receive the rapid intervention function as
the first on-deck resource; come to the scene prepared.
Towers have an enhanced level of rescue capablitlity. The rapid intervention assignment
should be reassigned to the second-due tower company if said tower company is not
needed for tactical considerations.
SOP’s 300’s
RIT
Firefighter survival, RIT deployment
Actions taken:
IC assigns a RIT group supervisor, normally a Chief, or SAM.
Acknowledge MAYDAY, and ascertain if inside-out approach is appropriate.
Immediate action item, and targeted search for a survivable victim.
Call for additional alarm. Dispatch should ensure the additional alarm assignment upon hearing the MAYDAY
Consider moving the incident to a new tac channel
SOP’s 300’s
Emergency Vehicle Operation
Types and certification level:
1.1 Driver-Operator (DO-Utility) is required to operate medic units, utility vehicles,
and brush trucks.
1.2 CMCB Driver-Operator Pumper is required to operate any type I or type III
engine and the tactical tender.
1.3 CMCB Driver-Operator Aerial is required to operate any tower, ladder truck and
the heavy rescue
SOP’s 300’s
Emergency Vehicle Operation
While responding in an emergent mode, all audible and visual warning devices shall be
operated at all times regardless of time of day or traffic conditions.
Must come to a complete stop for:
5.1 A controlled intersection in which there is a stop sign or a yellow or red traffic
signal.
5.2 An uncontrolled railroad crossing.
5.3 A stopped school bus with flashing warning lights.
5.4 As directed by any law enforcement officer.
SOP’s 300’s
Emergency Vehicle Operation
Backing:
Vehicle backing should be avoided when possible. When it becomes necessary to back a
vehicle, the following guidelines shall be adhered to:
A backer shall be used when available. The backer should be placed at the rear of
the vehicle where they can be seen clearly by the driver, and in a location that
presents the greatest hazard to backing. The vehicle operator shall roll down
their driver’s window and remove any hearing protection. If at any time the
vehicle operator loses sight of the backer, vehicle movement shall stop until
visual contact is reacquired.
If a backer is not available, the vehicle operator shall walk completely around the
vehicle and ensure that there are no obstructions behind the vehicle or in the
intended path of travel.
SOP’s 300’s
MAYDAY
A MAYDAY emergency shall be declared in any situation that presents an immediate
threat to the life or health of WMFR personnel including, but not limited to, entrapment
or entanglement, inability to exit an IDLH environment, imminent loss of air supply, fall
through a roof or floor, or entrapment in an area that has undergone flashover,
backdraft, or collapse.
Procedure:
MAYDAY declared, IC acknowledges.
LUNAR given
Example: MAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAYDAY, name and location
IC: acknowledge and advise to continue with LUNAR
LUNAR Report by member
