SOP Chapter 3 Flashcards
3-1.1 Kinds of Airplane Operation
- Day and night operations
- VFR and IFR
- Flight in icing conditions
- The airplane is certified for ditching when the safety equipment specified by the applicable regulations is installed.
- The airplane is certified capable of RVSM operations
3-1.1 Kinds of Airplane Operation
RVSM REQUIRED EQUIPMENT LIST
EQUIPMENT: REQUIREMENTS FOR RVSM
AUTOPILOT (1): MUST BE OPERATIONAL
ALTITUDE ALERTING SYSTEM: MUST BE OPERATIONAL ALTITUDE REPORTING TRANSPONDER (2): ONE (1) MUST BE OPERATIONAL
AIR DATA COMPUTERS (2) TWO : (2) MUST BE OPERATIONAL
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3-2 STRUCTURAL WEIGHT LIMITATIONS
CRJ700 Structural Weight Limitations
CRJ900 Structural Weight Limitations
CRJ550 Structural Weight Limitations
CRJ 900, 700, 550
Maximum Taxi and Ramp Weight 85,000 lbs==75250==66000
Maximum Takeoff Weight 84,500 lbs==75000===65000
Maximum Landing Weight 75,100 lbs==67000==61==
Maximum Zero Fuel Weight 70,750 lbs==62300==59000
Minimum Flight Weight 45,000 lbs==42000==42000
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Minimum Operating Empty Weight 39,835 lbs (only crj700)
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Note: The maximum takeoff weight (MTOW) and/or maximum landing weight (MLW) may be further limited due to performance consideration(s).
The information presented in this chapter (chapter 3 of sop - limitations) contains limitations that have been extracted from the
Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM) and
Flight Crew Operating Manual (FCOM).
The limitations in this chapter are not all inclusive.
3-3.1 CRJ700 Center-of-Gravity Limits
3-3.2 CRJ550 Center-of-Gravity Limits
3-3.3 CRJ900 Center-of-Gravity Limits
3-4 ALTITUDE AND TEMPERATURE OPERATING LIMITS
- Maximum airport pressure altitude for takeoff and landing
Maximum airport pressure altitude for takeoff and landing is 8,000’
3-4 ALTITUDE AND TEMPERATURE OPERATING LIMITS
- Maximum operating altitude
Maximum operating altitude is 41,000’
3-4 ALTITUDE AND TEMPERATURE OPERATING LIMITS
- The maximum ambient air temperature approved for takeoff and landing
The maximum ambient air temperature approved for takeoff and landing is ISA +35°C.
3-4 ALTITUDE AND TEMPERATURE OPERATING LIMITS
- The minimum ambient temperature approved for takeoff
The minimum ambient temperature approved for takeoff is -40°C (-40°F).
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3-5 OPERATION IN ICING CONDITIONS
3-5.1 Cowl Anti-Ice System
3-5.1.1 Ground Operations
Cowl anti-ice system must be ON when the OAT is 10°C (50°F) or below:
- and visible moisture in any form is present (such as fog with visibility of 1,500 meters [1 mile] or less, rain, snow, sleet and ice crystals)
- when operating on runways, ramps or taxiways where surface snow, ice, standing water, or slush is present
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3-5 OPERATION IN ICING CONDITIONS
3-5.1 Cowl Anti-Ice System
3-5.1.3 Flight Operations
Icing conditions exist in-flight at a TAT of 10°C (50°F) or below, and visible moisture in any form is encountered (such as clouds, rain, snow, sleet or ice crystals), except when the SAT is -40°C (-40°F) or below.
The engine cowl anti-ice system must be ON when:
- in icing conditions, or
- ICE is annunciated by the ice detection system
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3-5 OPERATION IN ICING CONDITIONS
3-5.3 Wing Anti-Ice System
3-5.3.1 Ground Operations
Wing anti-ice system must be ON for takeoff when the OAT is 5°C (41°F) or below and:
- visible moisture in any form is present (such as fog with visibility of 1,500 meters [1 mile] or less, rain ,snow, sleet and ice crystals)
- the runway is contaminated with surface snow, slush or standing water
When Type II or Type IV anti-icing fluids have been applied:
• wing anti-ice system must only be selected ON, if required, just prior to thrust increase for takeoff
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3-5 OPERATION IN ICING CONDITIONS
3-5.3 Wing Anti-Ice System
3-5.3.3 Flight Operations
Icing conditions exist in-flight at a TAT of 10°C (50°F) or below, and visible moisture in any form is encountered (such as clouds, rain, snow, sleet or ice crystals), except when the SAT is -40°C (-40°F) or below.
The wing anti-ice system must be ON when:
- ICE is annunciated by the ice detection system, or
- in icing conditions and the airspeed is less than 230 KIAS
NOTE Do not hold in icing conditions with Slats/Flaps extended.
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3-5 OPERATION IN ICING CONDITIONS
3-5.5 Supercooled Large Droplet Icing
Continued operation in areas where supercooled large droplet (SLD) icing conditions exist is prohibited.
SLD icing conditions are indicated by ice accretion on the flight deck side windows.
- wing and cowl anti-icing systems must be ON in SLD icing conditions
- leave icing conditions when side window icing occurs
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3-6 COLD WEATHER OPERATIONS
Take-off is prohibited with frost, ice, snow or slush adhering to any critical areas (wings, upper fuselage, horizontal stabilizer, vertical stabilizer, control surfaces, and engine inlets).
3-6 COLD WEATHER OPERATIONS
Takeoff is permitted with frost adhering to:
• The upper surface of the fuselage if it is possible to distinguish surface features. See WOP 2.13.1;
and/or
• Maximum 1/8 in (3.0 mm) layer of frost on the underside of the wing that is caused by cold soaked fuel.
Comprehensive procedures for operating in cold weather are provided in the WOP.
3-7 RUNWAY SLOPES
The maximum runway slopes approved for takeoff and landing are:
- +2% (uphill)
- -2% (downhill)
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3-8 TAILWIND CONDITIONS
The maximum tailwind component approved for takeoff and landing is ====== knots.
10 knots.
3-9 MINIMUM FLIGHT CREW
The minimum flight crew is
one (1) pilot and one (1) copilot.
3-10 FLIGHT DECK DOOR
- The flight deck door must be kept closed and locked at all times during flight except to permit access and egress in accordance with the approved procedures for opening, closing and locking the door.
- Any time the flight deck door is opened in-flight, a challenge and response closing and locking verification must be used to verify that the door is closed and locked.
- Any time one of the required flight crew leaves the flight deck another crew member must be present in the flight deck to ensure that the required crew member is not locked out of the flight deck.
3-11 CARGO
Flight must be within ==== minutes of a suitable airport, if cargo is carried in any ===========
Flight must be within 60 minutes of a suitable airport, if cargo is carried in any labeled cargo compartment.
Aircraft Stowage/Cargo Dimensions
3-11 CARGO
3-12 OZONE CONCENTRATION
limits?
Airplane operations are prohibited on routes where ozone concentrations will exceed the following limits:
- 0.25 parts per million by volume, sea level equivalent, at any time above flight level 320, and
- 0.1 parts per million by volume, sea leve
3-12 OZONE CONCENTRATION
‘Sea level equivalent’ refers to ???
‘Sea level equivalent’ refers to conditions of 25°C and 760 millimeters of mercury pressure.
Airplane operations are prohibited on routes where ozone concentrations will exceed the following limits:
- 0.25 parts per million by volume, sea level equivalent, at any time above flight level 320, and
- 0.1 parts per million by volume, sea level equivalent, time-weighted average during any three (3) hour interval above flight level 270
3-12 OZONE CONCENTRATION
Data to determine flight altitudes and/or duration at altitude in compliance with these requirements are given in
Flight Planning and Cruise Control Manual, Chapter 6, SPECIAL OPERATIONS, Maximum Allowable Cabin Ozone Concentration. Flight crews may utilize SOP 3-28.3, Maximum Flight Duration at Altitude Due to Cabin Ozone Concentration, for determining flight duration at altitudes higher than originally planned by Dispatch.
3-13 ENGINES
3-13.1 Engine Indications
The CRJ700 and CRJ550 aircraft use two (2) General Electric ============= engines.
The CRJ900 aircraft uses two (2) General Electric ============= engines.
The CRJ700 and CRJ550 aircraft use two (2) General Electric CF34-8C5B1 engines.
The CRJ900 aircraft uses two (2) General Electric
CF34-8C5 engines.
3-13 ENGINES
3-13.1 Engine Indications
The engine limit display markings on ======= must be used to determine compliance with the maximum/minimum limits and precautionary ranges.
If EICAS markings show more conservative limits than those specified in sop chapter 3, the limit markings on the ======== must be used.
The engine limit display markings on EICAS must be used to determine compliance with the maximum/minimum limits and precautionary ranges.
If EICAS markings show more conservative limits than those specified sop chapter 3, the limit markings on the EICAS must be used.
3-13 ENGINES
3-13.1 Engine Indications
3-13.2 Powerplant Intermix
Powerplant intermix operations are prohibited
3-13.3 Engine Warm-up
The engine must remain at ———– until oil pressure reaches
The engine must remain at IDLE until oil pressure reaches normal operating range.
3-13.3 Engine Warm-up
During all starts, do not exceed —- for ——- minutes after start, or ——————–]
???
During all starts, do not exceed 75% N1 for
two (2) minutes after start,
or until all operating indications are in the normal range, whichever is longer.
3-13.4 Thrust Management Data
With the engines running and bleeds configured for take-off, the crew must verify ………………….. .
Refer to ……………. .
With the thrust levers set for take-off, ——-and ——— values should ————–.
3-13.4 Thrust Management Data
With the engines running and bleeds configured for take-off, the crew must verify that the target N1 values correspond to the data presented in the thrust setting charts (± 1.0%).
Refer to PERFORMANCE – THRUST SETTINGS. With the thrust levers set for take-off, target and actual N1 values should match.
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3-13.5 Engines High-Power Schedule Switchlight
Use of the ENGINES HIGH PWR SCHEDULE switchlight is
prohibited.
3-13.7 Engine Operating Limits
N1?
3-13.7 Engine Operating Limits
N2?
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3-13.7 Engine Operating Limits
ITT?
3-13.7 Engine Operating Limits
OIL TEMP?
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3-13.7 Engine Operating Limits
OIL Pressure?
3-13.7 Engine Operating Limits
MINIMUM OIL LEVEL FOR FLIGHT?
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3-13.7 Engine Operating Limits
[1] Normal takeoff power and maximum power (two engines) is limited to ——– minutes.
[1] Normal takeoff power and maximum power (two engines) is limited to 5 minutes.
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3-13.7 Engine Operating Limits
[2] APR power (one engine) is limited to 10 minutes.
[2] APR power (one engine) is limited to 10 minutes.
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3-13.7 Engine Operating Limits
[3] ITT must be below ———- before attempting to ground start engine.
[3] ITT must be below 120°C before attempting to ground start engine.
3-13.7 Engine Operating Limits
[4] ITT must be below ———- before attempting to air start engine.
[4] ITT must be below 90°C before attempting to air start engine.
3-13.7 Engine Operating Limits
[5] Maximum oil pressure is limited to ——— psi when oil temperature transient is less than ———— .
[5] Maximum oil pressure is limited to 156 psi when oil temperature transient is less than 60°C.
3-13.7 Engine Operating Limits
[6] Oil pressures (above IDLE) between ………………..
????
[6] Oil pressures (above IDLE) between 25 and 45 psi require oil temperature monitoring.
3-13.7 Engine Operating Limits
- [7] Oil pressures should show ——— value during start and may peak beyond———- max display value).
- Oil pressures ———- are displayed as amber dashes.
- Oil pressure may be greater than …………….. minutes
- [7] Oil pressures should show positive value during start and may peak beyond 182 psi (max display value).
- Oil pressures above 182 psi are displayed as amber dashes.
- Oil pressure may be greater than 95 psi for a maximum of ten (10) minutes
3-13.9 Airplane Cold Soak
Before the first flight of a day, when the airplane is cold-soaked at an ambient temperature of -30°C (-22°F)
or below for more than eight (8) hours:
- the engines must be motored for 60 seconds and the fan rotation must be verified before an engine start is initiated
- thrust reversers must be actuated until the deploy and stow cycles are two (2) seconds or less
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3-13.11 Continuous Engine Ignition
Continuous engine ignition must be used during the following:
- takeoffs and landings on contaminated runways
- flight through moderate or heavier intensity rain
- flight through moderate or heavier intensity turbulence
- flight in the vicinity of thunderstorms
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3-13.12 Reduced (FLEX) Takeoff Thrust
Note: FLEX thrust may be used for takeoff on wet runways, ….
????
Note: FLEX thrust may be used for takeoff on wet runways, provided the flight crew selects “WET” runway performance data on the FMS MCDU (ACARS) PERF WT & BALANCE, CONDITIONS, page 1
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3-13.12 Reduced (FLEX) Takeoff Thrust
The use of Reduced/FLEX thrust for takeoff is not authorized when:
- Wing and/or cowl anti-ice bleeds are in use
- Runway is contaminated with standing water, slush, snow, or ice*
- Warnings or forecasts of windshear or downdrafts exist (including LLWAS advisories)
- Antiskid system is inoperative
- The engine cannot achieve full rated thrust **
3-13.13 Engine Starter
3-13.13.1 Associated Starter Conditions
The starter must not be used if
The starter must not be used if indicated N2 rpm exceeds 45%.
3-13.13 Engine Starter
3-13.13.1 Associated Starter Conditions
At initiation of thrust lever movement from SHUT OFF to IDLE:
- ITT must be 120°C or less for all ground starts
- ITT must be 90°C or less for all air starts
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3-13.13.3 CRJ Starter Cranking Limits
All
3-13.13.3 CRJ Starter Cranking Limits
Ground Start
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3-13.13.3 CRJ Starter Cranking Limits
Ground , Motoring
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3-13.13.3 CRJ Starter Cranking Limits
Flight
Motoring & Starter
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3-13.13.3 CRJ Starter Cranking Limits
All
3-13.13.5 Engine Relight Limitations
3-13.13.5.1 CRJ550/700 (CF34-8C5B1) Engine Relight Limitations
3-13.13.5.3 CRJ900 (CF34-8C5) Engine Relight Limitations
Windmilling
Starter Assisted
All-Engine-Out Rapid Relight
Note: FADEC rapid relight capability has been demonstrated at 200 KIAS for up to 15-second fuel interruptions.
3-13.13.5 Engine Relight Limitations
3-13.13.5.1 CRJ550/700 (CF34-8C5B1) Engine Relight Limitations
Windmilling
Starter Assisted
All-Engine-Out Rapid Relight
3-13.13.5 Engine Relight Limitations
3-13.13.5.3 CRJ900 (CF34-8C5) Engine Relight Limitations
Windmilling
Starter Assisted
All-Engine-Out Rapid Relight
900 Engine Start Envelope Figure
Note: Special All-Engine-Out rapid relight envelope is from ——————– to ————— and ——————- to ———————- KIAS.
Note: Special All-Engine-Out rapid relight envelope is from 10,000’ to SL and 200 to 250 KIAS.
550/700 Engine Start Envelope Figure
Note: Special All-Engine-Out rapid relight envelope is from ——————– to ————— and ——————- to ———————- KIAS.
Note: Special All-Engine-Out rapid relight envelope is from 10,000’ to SL and 200 to 250 KIAS.