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Somm 1 > Somm1 - Spirits & Beers > Flashcards

Somm1 - Spirits & Beers Flashcards

1
Q

Spirits and Beers

What is a wort?

A

The sugar-rich liquid that results from mashing cereal grains or malted barley; unfermented beer.

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2
Q

Spirits and Beers

What are hops?

A

A green cone-like flower that,when added to beer, adds flavor and bitterness, and has both preservative and antiseptic qualities that prohibits bacterial growth.

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3
Q

Spirits and Beers

Explain the barley malting process.

A

Barley is steeped in water for approximately two days to promote germination of the grain. The enzyme amylase is produced, This malt is then roasted with hot air in a kiln to halt further growth.

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4
Q

Spirits and Beers

What type of yeast is associated with ale?

A

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae (Top-fermenting yeast at warmer temperatures).

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5
Q

Spirits and Beers

What type of yeast is associated with lager?

A

Saccharomyces pastorianus (Bottom - fermenting yeast at cooler temperatures)

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6
Q

Spirits and Beers

What is a Lambic beer?

A

Unique specialty of Belgium; spontaneously fermented in open-top containers with native wild yeasts, such as Brettanomyces lambicus.

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7
Q

Spirits and Beers

Describe ale style vs. lager style.

A

Ales are fruity and richly flavored. Lagers are cleaner and more delicately flavored.

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8
Q

Spirits and Beers

What are the five legal categories of scotch?

A

Single malt Scotch whiskey, single grain Scotch whiskey, blended Malt Scotch whiskey, blended grain Scotch whiskey, and blended Scotch whiskey.

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9
Q

Spirits and Beers

What are the six regions of Scotch?

A

Highlands, lowlands, Speyside Islay, Campbeltown, and the islands.

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10
Q

Spirits and Beers

What are some notable Highland distillaries?

A

Oban, Glenmorangie, Dalwhinnie, and Dalmore.

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11
Q

Spirits and Beers

Name some notable Lowlands Scotch distilleries.

A

Glenkinchie, Auchentoshan, and blandnoch. Lowland scotch is the lightest and least smokey.

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12
Q

Spirits and Beers

Name some notable Speyside distilleries.

A

Glenlivet, Glenfiddich, and the Macallan. Speyside scotch is usually lighter and fruitier in style.

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13
Q

Spirits and Beers

What are the 3 distilleries of Campbeltown?

A

Glen Scotia, Glengyle, and Springbank.

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14
Q

Spirits and Beers

Name the Scotch producing islands of Scotland.

A

Skye, Jura, Mull, Arran, and Orkney. Highland park and Talisker are notable distilleries. Pronounced peatiness and toasted seaweed character is prominent in island Scotch.

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15
Q

Spirits and Beers

What are some notable Islay distilleries.

A

Ardbeg, Lagavulin, and Laphroaig. Islay Scotch is generally most peaty and smokey in style.

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16
Q

Spirits and Beers

What is a Bourbon?

A

Pot still Whiskey. 51% corn minimum. Aged in new, charred American white oak.

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17
Q

Spirits and Beers

What is Canadian whiskey?

A

Pot still whiskey from blended Cereal grains. Aged 3 years minimum.

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18
Q

Spirits and Beers

What is Irish whiskey?

A

Irish pot still whiskey from a barley base. Aged 3 years in barrels. Triple distilled (most), no peat, smooth.

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19
Q

Spirits and Beers

What are the main categories of white spirits?

A

Gin, Vodka, Rum, Eaux-de-Vie, Grappa, and Marc Brandy.

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20
Q

Spirits and Beers

What are the main categories of brown spirits?

A

Whiskey, Cognac, Armagnac, Calvados, and Brandy.

21
Q

Spirits and Beers

What are the main categories of Whiskeys?

A

Bourbon, Tennessee, Canadian, Scotch, and Irish.

22
Q

Spirits and Beers

Which spirits can be both white and brown spirits?

A

Tequila, Rum, and increasingly Grappa.

23
Q

Spirits and Beers

What is Vodka?

A

Column still white spirit from grains/potatoes/corn. Neutral base - can be flavored with mixers, herbs, spices, etc.

24
Q

Spirits and Beers

What is a Gin?

A

Column still white spirit distilled from grains/malt with predominant juniper flavor. Also common flavors include: coriander, orange peel, anise, and Cassia. Originally known as Dutch “Genever.”

25
Q

Spirits and Beers

What is Tequila/Mezcal?

A

A column still white spirit from the “heart” of blue agave. A tequila is a Mezcal that is made in Tequila, Mexico. Aging terms include: Silver, Reposado, Anejo, etc.

26
Q

Spirits and Beers

What is an Eaux-de-Vie?

A

Column still white spirit from fruit (AKA fruit brandy). Includes Pomace brandies and Pisco.

27
Q

Spirits and Beers

What is light rum?

A

Column still white spirit from sugar cane juice/molassas/dunder. Color comes from caramel (OR small amount of super-premium rums are aged in barrels).

28
Q

Spirits and Beers

What are the main categories of pot still spirits?

A

Scotch, Cognac, Armagnac, Irish, Bourbon and Canadian.

29
Q

Spirits and Beers

True or False: The term “Single-Malt Scotch whiskey” signifies a malted barley whiskey from a single batch from a single distillery.

A

False. A Single-Malt Scotch may contain whiskey from several barrels/batches from a SINGLE distillery.

30
Q

Spirits and Beers

What are the 6 defined regions of Cognac?

A

Grande Champagne, Petite Champagne, Borderies, Fins Bois, Bons Bois, and Bois Ordinaires.

31
Q

Spirits and Beers

What is the primary grape of Cognac?

A

Ugni Blanc.

32
Q

Spirits and Beers

What is Cognac?

A

A brandy from Ugni Blanc grape based wines in Cognac, France. Distilled twice, Aged 2 years minimum in French oak casks. Aging terms: 3-5 star, VS, VSOP, XO.

33
Q

Spirits and Beers

What are the grapes of Armagnac?

A

Ugni Blanc, Baco Blanc, Folle Blanc, and Colombard.

34
Q

Spirits and Beers

What is Armagnac?

A

Brandy from a wine blend in Armagnac, France. Column distilled once. Minimum 1 year aging in French oak casks.

35
Q

Spirits and Beers

What is Calvados?

A

An Eau-de-Vie distilled from a blend of apple and pear cider; produced in the Normandy Region of France.

36
Q

Spirits and Beers

What are the notable Calvados appellations?

A

Calvados Pays d’Auge AOC

37
Q

Spirits and Beers

What is the importance of amylase in grain fermentation?

A

Amylase is an enzyme that is produced in the mashing process which primarily assists in the hydrolysis of unfermentable starches to fermentable simple sugars like fructose and dextrose.

38
Q

Spirits and Beers

How does the kilning process affect beer style?

A

The length and degree of roasting will determine beer style. Heavy roasted black malts will be used for porter styles whereas pale malts, dried at low temperatures will be used for pale ales.

39
Q

Spirits and Beers

What does the term sour mash signify?

A

A brewing practice that uses mash from an older batch to initiate fermentation of a current batch. This also promotes continuity between batches.

40
Q

Spirits and Beers

What is Sake?

A

A fermented rice beverage;

41
Q

Spirits and Beers

What are the components of Sake?

A

Water

42
Q

Spirits and Beers

What are the different types of Sake?

A

Junmai

43
Q

Spirits and Beers

What is “Junmai?”

A

Pure rice wine; no adding of distilled alcohol.

44
Q

Spirits and Beers

What is “Honjozo?”

A

At least 30% of rice polished away; a small amount of distilled alcohol is added.

45
Q

Spirits and Beers

What is “Nigori?”

A

Milky, unfiltered, usually off-dry.

46
Q

Spirits and Beers

What is “Ginjo?”

A

At least 40% of rice polished away; with or without alcohol added.

47
Q

Spirits and Beers

What is “Daiginjo?”

A

At least 50% of rice polished away; with or without added alcohol.

48
Q

Spirits and Beers

What is “Koji-kin?”

A

A mold (Aspergillus Oryzae). Used to create the Koji, crucial to brewing sake.

Somm 1 (13 decks)

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