Somm1 - Spain Flashcards
Are Olorosos dry or sweet?
True Olorosos are dry, but some are sweetened and sold as Cream Sherries.
Are Palo Cortados biologically or oxidatively aged?
Both. Palo Cortados develop limited Flor. Flor eventually dies so the PC can age oxidatively.
Castilla-La Mancha are most characterized by what climatic factors?
Arid climate with temperature extremes.
Large elevated central plateau
Navarra DO is traditionally known for what wine style?
Rose wines.
White wines based on Viura (Macabeo) and others.
(Growing production of quality reds based n Garnacha, Tempranillo, Cabernet, and Merlot)
Priorat DOQ is characterized by what climate/soils?
Climate: Dry Temperate.
Rugged mountainous region;
Stony Schistous soils. “llicorella.”
Spain is most characterized by what type of climate?
Dramatic ranges from maritime to continental to Mediterranean.
~Altitude of plateau and rainshadow effect play important roles.
The Rais Baixas is most characterized by what climate and soils?
Climate: Cool maritime.
Soils: Granite, Alluvial, Slate, Sand.
What are the ‘new’ aging terms of Spain?
Noble: 18 months.
Anejo: 24 months.
Viejo: 36 months, wines must show oxidative character.
(for aging in barrel or bottle)
What are the 5 districts of Navarra?
- Baja Montana.
- Ribera Alta.
- Ribera Baja.
- Tierra Estella.
- Valdizarbe.
What are the 5 Sub-zones of the Rais Baixas?
- Val do Salnes.
- O Rosal.
- Condado do Tea.
- Soutomaior.
- Ribiera do Ulla.
What are the aging terms of Spain?
Crianza.
Reserva.
Gran Reserva.
What are the biologically-aged styles of Sherry?
Fino.
Manzanilla.
Amontillado.
Palo Cortado.
What are the growing conditions of the yeast, saccharomyces?
Grows on the surface of casks between 14.5-15.5% alcohol.
Lives off nutrients and volatile acidity.
Requires specific temp. & moisture.
Grows: Spring & Fall/year round in coastal areas.
What are the highly regarded vintages of Rioja?
2001, 2004, 2005.
What are the oxidative styles of Sherry?
Oloroso.
Palo Cortado.
What are the primary Cava varieties of Spain?
Xarel-lo.
Macabeo.
Parallada.
Chardonnay.
What are the primary grape varieties of Jerez?
Palomino (95% of all plantings).
Pedro Ximenez.
Moscatel.
What are the primary grapes of Castilla-La Mancha?
White: Airen.
Red: Cencibel (Tempranillo).
What are the primary red grape varieties of Rioja DOCa?
Tempranillo. Garnacha. Graciano. Mazuelo. Maturana Tinta.
What are the primary red varieties of Spain?
Tempranillo (Tinto Fino, etc.). Carinena. Garnacha. Cabernet Sauvignon. Mencia. Monastrell.
What are the primary soil types of Jerez?
Albariza.
Barros.
Arenas.
What are the primary soil types of Spain?
Range includes: Chalk. Sand. Quartzite. Slate. Clay.
What are the Primary white grape varieties of Rioja DOCa?
Viura.
Malvasia.
Garnacha Blanca.
What are the primary white grape varieties of Spain?
Albarino. Viura (Macabeo). Verdejo. Airen. Chardonnay.
What are the red grape varieties of Penedes?
Garnacha.
Monastrell.
Ull de Llebre.
What are the red Rioja quality levels?
Vino Joven.
Crianza.
Reserva.
Gran Reserva.
What are the Rioja aging requirements for “Gran Reserva?”
2 years in barrel.
5 years total.
What are the Spanish wine classifications?
Vino.
Vino de la Tierra (VdlT).
Vinos de Calidad con Indicacion Geografica (VCIG).
Denominacion de Origen (DO).
DO Pagos.
Denominacion de Origen Calificada (DOCa, DOQ)
What are the sub-zones of Rioja?
Rioja Alavesa.
Rioja Alta.
Rioja Baja.
What are the three sub-districts of Penedes?
Baix Penedes.
Medio Penedes.
Alta Penedes.
What are the white varieties of Penedes DO?
Parellada.
Xarel-l0.
Macabeo.
(Center of Cava Production)
What country has the most planted vine acreage in the world?
Spain.
What is “Soleo?”
The process of sun-drying grapes.
What is “Solera System?”
A method of fractional blending: old wine is periodically replaced with younger wine to ensure consistency.
What is a delicate style of Fino, aged only in the coastal town of Sanlucar de Barrameda?
Manzanilla.
What is Albariza?
“Chalk” - best for fino.
What is Arenas?
“Sand” - best for moscatel.
What is Barros?
“Clay” - best for oloroso styles.
What is Castilla y Leon DO?
Tinto del Pais (Tempranillo)
Wines richer and fully than Rioja wines with good aging potential.
What is Crianza?
1 year in barrel.
2 years total.
(Rioja quality level)
What is Flor?
The naturally occurring yeast, Saccharomyces.
Used in the biological aging of Sherry.
What is Priorat DOQ?
Garnacha.
Carinena.
Cabernet.
What is Reserva? (Rioja)
1 year in barrel.
3 years total.
What is Ribera del Duero DO?
Tinto del Pais (Tempranillo).
West of Rioja on the River Duero.
Wines richer and fully than Rioja wines with good aging potential.
What is Ruedo DO?
Aromatic whites from:
Verdejo + Sauvignon Blanc & Viura.
What is the “Single-Estate” Spanish classification?
DO Pagos; currently 11 estates in this category.
What is the AOC-equivalent Spanish classification?
Denomination de Origen (DO).
~Consejo Regulador for each district.
What is the dry style that has characteristics of both Amontillado & Oloroso?
Palo Cortado.
What is the IGP equivalent Spanish classification?
Vino de la Tierra (VdlT).
Broader regions with fewer restrictions compared to DOP.
What is the lightest, most delicate style of Sherry, fortified to 15.5%?
Fino.
What is the most important appellation of La Mancha?
Valdepenas DO.
What is the oxidative style of Sherry that is rich, fortified to 17%, and often undergoes more aging?
Oloroso.
What is the primary grape of the Rias Baixas?
Albarino (Dry-crisp style)
What is the primary grape of Toro DO?
Tinta do Toro (Tempranillo).
What is the Rioja (1991) & Priorat (2009) Spanish classification?
Denominacion de Origen Calificada (DOCa/DOQ).
What is the style of Fino that has been left in cask for additional aging and develops a rich, nutty character?
Amontillado.
What is the table wine classification of Spain?
Vino.
What is the VDQS-equivalent Spanish classification?
Vinos de Calidad con Indicacion Geografica (VCIG).
What is the vinification process for Sherry?
Harvest - in late august. (palomino pressed immediately) (PJ undergoes "Soleo") Fortification - with neutral spirit. (Finos 15.5%/Oloroso 17%) Aging - in a Solera system. (Oxidatively or with Flor)
What is Vino Joven?
No aging requirements.
Rioja quality level
Where is Manzanilla produced?
Sanlúcar de Barrameda. A coastal town in Jerez, Spain.
