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Soils 1 > Some Unit 5 and Unit 6 > Flashcards

Some Unit 5 and Unit 6 Flashcards

1
Q

How much coarse to medium sand needs to be in a greens mix?

A

60%

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2
Q

How much very fine sand, silt or clay is allowed in the greens mix? why?

A

10% to prevent the formation of Clay horizons which can lead to a number of problems

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3
Q

How many inches of greens mix is reccomended on USGA spec greens?

A

18-24”

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4
Q

During infiltration, water moves downward from the saturated zone to the unsaturated zone….The interface between these two zones is called the….

A

Wetting Front

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5
Q

What is the Wetting Front?

A

During infiltration, water moves downward from the saturated zone to the unsaturated zone….The interface between these two zones is called the….

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6
Q

What is a Textural Interface?

A

an abrupt change in actual pore size.

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7
Q

Why is a textural interface an issue?

A

it creates a boundary that affects the movement of water, air and root growth

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8
Q

define Channeling:

A

an irregular wetting front

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9
Q

What is another name for textural interface?

A

layering

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10
Q

What is thatch primarily made up of?

A

Stolon, Rhizome and Root tissue

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11
Q

What can cause a buildup of thatch?

A

Not cultivating the soil Excess nitrogen application

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12
Q

What is LDS?

A

Localized Dry Spots

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13
Q

What is the cause of LDS?

A

Organic Matter

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14
Q

Hydrophobic and Hydrophillic soils both contain organic compounds that can turn hydrophobic. True or False?

A

True

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15
Q

What causes the rapid change of a soil from hydrophillic to hydrophobic?

A

When water content falls below a certain threshold.

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16
Q

Define Critical Moisture Content

A

The point that the OM changes from hydrophillic to hydrophobic and also the reverse.

17
Q

Adhesion is stronger that cohesion in a _______ soil.

A

hydrophillic

18
Q

Cohesion is stronger than adhesion in a _______ soil.

A

hydrophobic

19
Q

What happens to the soil particles when they turn hydrophobic?

A

A hydrophobic organic coating forms on soil particles.

20
Q

What type of fungi are partially responsible for LDS?

A

Basidiomycetes

21
Q

Water repellency in soils can result in:

A
  • Reduced infiltration
  • Incomplete wetting
  • Irregular distribution of chemicals
  • turf decline
  • LDS
  • Poor Drainage
  • Poor Turf Quality
22
Q

What are some variables that go into how the Critical Moisture Content responds?

A
  • Soil Texture
  • Amount of organic matter
  • Severity of hydrophobicity
23
Q

How can you prevent Hydrophobicity?

A
  • Maintenance Practices
    • Aerification
    • Thatch Management
    • Topdressing
  • Irrigation Practices
  • Fairy Ring suppression
  • Soil Surfactants
24
Q

What does the word Surfactant mean?

A

Surface Active Agents

25
Q

What do surfactants do?

A

They break suface tension. Making water less cohesive and more adhesive by breaking the hydrogen bond

26
Q

What are the two physical parts of a surfactant?

A

A hydrophillic head and a hydrophobic tail

27
Q

What is the most commmony used group of surfactants?

A

Non-ionic

28
Q

What is another good way to say what surfactants do?

A

They make water wetter

29
Q

Surfactants cure localized dry spots. True or False?

A

False. They prevent them

30
Q

Name some things that Surfactants do:

A
  • Prevent Localized Dry Spots
  • create more uniform water distribution
  • Improve water filtration and drainage characteristics
  • Reduce drought stress
  • Increase efficiency of other turf chemicals
31
Q

When choosing a wetting agent, what things should you be concerned with?

A
  • How effective is it? ASK FOR DATA
  • How long does the product last in the soil?
  • Is it phytotoxic?
  • Granular or Liquid?
  • Cost
  • How available is it?

Soils 1 (7 decks)

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