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Neurophysiology Test 2 > Somatosensory System > Flashcards

Somatosensory System Flashcards

1
Q

the structural organization that gives rise to ____ ensures that location of the stimulus as applied to the body can be accurately identified

A

somatotopic mapping

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2
Q

somatosensory signals from the skin project into the brain via ______ , allowing precise perception of location on the body surface

A

labeled lines

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3
Q

Somatosensory fibers from the viscera have a relatively _____ resulting in poor discrimination of the precise location

A

Large receptive field

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4
Q

our brain may _____ arising from visceral receptors to a somatic location due to lack of discrimination

A

refer neural signaling

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5
Q

large diameter, heavy myelin sheath (fastest conducting)

A

A-fiber (Type 1)

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6
Q

medium diameter, myelinated

A

A-beta (Type 2)

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7
Q

small diameter, myelinated

A

A-delta

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8
Q

unmyelinated (slowest conducting)

A

C

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9
Q

What are the two mechano receptors in the superficial skin?

A

Merkel’s disk

Meissner’s corpuscle

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10
Q

What are the two mechano receptors of the deep skin?

A

Ruffini corpuscle

Pacinian corpuscle

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11
Q

Mechano receptors of the superficial skin are what kind fiber?

A

A alpha

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12
Q

Mechano receptors of the deep skin are what kind of fiber?

A

A beta

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13
Q

maintains signaling (at a relatively steady frequency) throughout the duration that the stimulus is applied

A

Slow adapting

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14
Q

maintains signaling just while the stimulus intensity is changing

A

Rapidly adapting

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15
Q

_____ corpuscles are slowly adapting (deep skin)

A

Ruffini’s

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16
Q

_____ corpuscles are rapidly adapting (deep skin)

A

Pacinian

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17
Q

_____ disks are slowly adapting (superficial skin)

A

Merkel’s disk

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18
Q

______ corpuscles are rapidly adapting (superficial skin)

A

Meissner’s

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19
Q

heat receptors [warm to hot]: 95 to 110°F (C fibers)

Are what kind of fibers?

A

C fibers

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20
Q

cold receptors [cool to cold]: 85 to 60°F are what kind of fibers?

A

Ad fibers

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21
Q

T/F thermoreceptors are most sensitive to changes in temperature; most adapt rapidly to sustained temperature

A

True

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22
Q

what differentiates a nociceptor from a non-nociceptive somatosensory receptor is the receptor’s _____

A

stimulus threshold

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23
Q

Nociceptors have a ____ stimulus threshold, compared to non-nociceptive receptors

A

higher

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24
Q

strength of the nervous signaling that the receptor generates in response to a given strength of stimulus intensity

A

receptor sensitivity

25
Q

a change in the peripheral receptor sensitivity to a given stimulus

A

primary:

26
Q

a change in the strength of synaptic transmission of peripheral afferent signals arising from the nociceptors to the second order relay neurons

A

secondary

27
Q

sensitization (an increase in the receptor sensitivity)

A

hyperalgesia

28
Q

desensitization (a reduction in the receptor sensitivity)

A

analgesia

29
Q

Change in peripheral sensitivity to a given stimulus

A

Primary

30
Q

A change of synaptic transmission of peripheral afferent signals arising from the nociception to the second orders relay neurons

A

Secondary

31
Q

What chemicals are secreted by damaged cells to activate nociceptors

A

H+
Serotonin
Bradykinin
Histamine

32
Q

Primary hyperalgesia may arise from sensitization of _____

A

Peripheral nociceptors

33
Q

To prevent further damage the surrounding tissues become ____

A

Hyperalgesic (sensitive)

34
Q

Secondary hyperalgesia may arise from sensitization of the _______ for ascending nociceptive signaling

A

Dorsal horn synaptic relay

35
Q

Pain due to a stimulus that does not normally provoke pain

A

allodynia

36
Q

Pain that initiated or caused by a primary lesion or dysfunction within the central nervous system

A

Central Pain

37
Q

Pain in the distribution of a nerve

A

Neuralgia

38
Q

Pain initiated or caused by a primary lesion, dysfunction, or transitory perturbation in the peripheral or CNS

A

Neurogenic pain

39
Q

The specific field for a set of neurons

A

Receptive field

40
Q

Axon hillock for a receptor

A

Trigger zone

41
Q

Summation of multiple inputs

A

Intigration

42
Q

Strengthening or lessening the response of each relay neuron via modulation

A

Processing

43
Q

Amplifies synaptic transmission

A

Excitatory

44
Q

Diminishes synaptic transmission

A

Inhibitory

45
Q

Somatosensory inputs flowing into the dorsal horn will ___ inhibitory interneurons aswell as it’s own relay neuron

A

Excite

46
Q

______ acts to fine tune the sense of touch thus the area surrounding the point of contact will not be inadvertently stimulated

A

Inhibitory neuron

47
Q

relay neurons to afferent sensory signaling are ____ through both feedforward and feedback inhibitory pathways

A

restrained

48
Q

Inhibition coming from a parallel first order neuron

A

Feedforward inhibition

49
Q

Inhibition coming from a parallel second order neuron

A

Feedback inhibition

50
Q

T/F the brain can inhibit some sensory input from other non-essential stimuli

A

True

51
Q

Suppressing other background signals

A

Sculpting

52
Q

Nociceptive A-delta and C fibers project to second order neurons within ____ of the dorsal horn

A

Lamina I and V

53
Q

____ is the theory behind pain modulation

A

Gate control theory

54
Q

In gate control- what fiber is conveying pain

A

C-fiber

55
Q

In gate control- what fiber is trigger inhibition of pain

A

A-beta

56
Q

In gate control- the C fiber comes from what kind of receptor?

A

nociceptor

57
Q

In gate control- the A beta fiber comes from what kind of receptor?

A

Mechanoreceptor

58
Q

Inhibitory interneuronal gating is dependent upon the ____ between nociceptive and non-nociceptive inputs

A

Balance

Neurophysiology Test 2 (6 decks)

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