Solutions

Question 1

mass percent

Answer 1

mass solute (g)
mass solution (g)

Question 2

molarity

Answer 2

moles solute
volume solution (L)

Question 3

molality

Answer 3

moles solute
mass solvent (kg)

Question 4

mole fraction

Answer 4

moles solute

moles solution

Question 5

tyndall effect

Answer 5

light scattering in colloids because the solute isn’t small enough

Question 6

solubility

Answer 6

a measure in the amount of solute that can dissolve in 100g H2O

Question 7

liquid solutions

Answer 7

gas, solid, or liquid dissolved in a liquid solvent

Question 8

miscible

Answer 8

2 liquids mix

Question 9

immiscible

Answer 9

2 liquids don’t mix

Question 10

liquid solutions example

Answer 10

carbonated drink, antifreeze, salt water

Question 11

solid solutions

Answer 11

alloy (mixture of metals)

Question 12

solid solutions example

Answer 12

brass is copper and zinc mixture

Question 13

gas solutions

Answer 13

gases dissolved in each other

Question 14

gas solutions example

Answer 14

air

Question 15

aqueous: solvent?

Answer 15

water

Question 16

tincture: solvent?

Answer 16

alcohol

Question 17

suspension

Answer 17

particles will settle upon standing, can be separated by filtration, exhibit tyndall effect

Question 18

colloid

Answer 18

cannot be separated or filtered, exhibit tyndall effect

Question 19

emulsion

Answer 19

colloidal dispersion of liquids in liquids, need emulsifying agent to maintain stability

Question 20

emulsifying agent example

Answer 20

soap

Question 21

electrolyte

Answer 21

conducts current

Question 22

nonelectrolyte

Answer 22

does not conduct current

Question 23

factors affecting the rate of solution

Answer 23

surface area (crush solute), agitation (stir/shake), heating (increase KE)

Question 24

saturated solution

Answer 24

contains all the dissolved solute possible at given temp. and pres.

Question 25

unsaturated solution

Answer 25

contains less dissolved solute that max amount

Question 26

supersaturated solution

Answer 26

contains more solute than is possible

Question 27

dilute vs. concentrated solution

Answer 27

solute:solvent is small, vs. solute:solvent is large

Question 28

factors affecting solubility

Answer 28

nature of solute/solvent (like dissolves like), temperature (inc. temp. inc. solubility), pressure (only for gaseous solute, inc. pres. inc. solubility)

Question 29

henry’s law

Answer 29

mass of gas solute in given volume of liquid is directly proportional to pressure of the gas

Question 30

what are colligative properties

Answer 30

any properties of a solution that change when the concentration of the solution changes

Question 31

what do colligative properties depend on

Answer 31

number of particles dissolved in a given mass of solvent

Question 32

colligative properties

Answer 32

vapor pressure depression, freezing point depression, boiling point elevation, color, taste, density