Solutions Flashcards
This type of mixture does not have a uniform composition throughout the sample.
Heterogenous Mixture
This type of mixture has a uniform composition throughout the sample.
Homogenous Mixture
A homogeneous mixture that contains small particles.
Solution
______ solutions are transparent.
Liquid
A homogeneous mixture with larger
particles, often having an opaque appearance.
Colloid
The ______ is the substance present in a lesser
amount.
Solute
The _______ is the substance present in a larger amount.
Solvent
An _______ solution has water as the solvent.
Aqueous
What are the three types of solutions?
Solution of gases, a solid in a liquid, a liquid in a
solid
A substance that conducts an electric current in water is called?
Electrolyte
A substance that does not conduct an electric current in water is called?
Nonelectrolyte
The amount of solute that dissolves in a given amount of solvent.
Solubility
Solubility is usually reported in what unit?
g/100 mL
A _________ solution contains the maximum number of grams of solute that can dissolve.
Saturated
An ___________ solution contains less than the maximum number of grams of solute that can dissolve.
Unsaturated
__________ can be summed up as “like dissolves like.”
Solubility
Most _____ and polar covalent compounds are soluble in water, a polar solvent.
Ionic
Small neutral molecules with _ or _ atoms that can hydrogen bond to water are water soluble.
O or N
Nonpolar compounds are soluble in ________ solvents.
Nonpolar
When solvation releases more energy than that required to separate particles, the overall process is __________.
Exothermic
When the separation of particles requires more energy than is released during solvation, the process is ___________.
Endothermic
For most ionic and molecular solids, solubility generally increases as temperature _________.
Increases
By dissolving a solid in a solvent at high temperature and allowing it to cool slowly, a ______________ solution can be made.
Supersaturated
A ______________ solution contains more than the predicted maximum amount of solute at a given temperature.
Supersaturated
The solubility of a gas _________ with
increasing temperature.
Decreases
A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances is called?
Solution
Refers to the amount of solute that forms a saturated solution in a given amount of solvent at a given temperature.
Solubility
The _____ substance may be described as soluble, slightly soluble, and insoluble.
Solid
For liquid-liquid substances combined to form a solution, the solute may be ________ or _________.
Miscible or immiscible
The _____________ of a solution tells how much solute is dissolved in a given amount of solution.
Concentration
The number of moles of solute per liter of
solution.
Molarity
Molarity is the number of moles of solute per liter of ________.
Solution
