M2-L1: Early Concepts About the Atom

Question 1

All matter is composed of minute, sub microscopic, indivisible particles called _____.

Answer 1

Atoms

Question 2

The earliest model of the atom was developed by the ancient _____ philosophers and Scientists in the past.

Answer 2

Greek

Question 3

The discoveries of the modern scientist disproved ______’s theory.

Answer 3

John Dalton

Question 4

There are many kinds of atoms as there are kinds of elements, which are chemically _________ from each other.

Answer 4

Different

Question 5

Isotopes are atoms of the same element having different ______ ____.

Answer 5

Atomic Mass

Question 6

An ____ is composed of a tiny core or nucleus with electrons outside the nucleus.

Answer 6

Atom

Question 7

An atom is composed of a tiny core or _______ with electrons outside the nucleus.

Answer 7

Nucleus

Question 8

An atom is composed of a tiny core or nucleus with _________ outside the nucleus.

Answer 8

Electrons

Question 9

The nucleus contains protons but no ________.

Answer 9

Electrons

Question 10

The negative charge on the electrons balances the positive charge on the nucleus so that an atom is electrically ______.

Answer 10

Neutral

Question 11

At least 99.9% of the mass of an atom is in the _______.

Answer 11

Nucleus

Question 12

The electrons are at relatively large distances from the _______.

Answer 12

Nucleus

Question 13

An atom is mostly empty _____.

Answer 13

Space

Question 14

The small, dense center of positive charge in the atoms.

Answer 14

Nucleus

Question 15

Uncharged particle.

Answer 15

Neutron

Question 16

The sum of masses of proton and neutron.

Answer 16

Atomic Mass

Question 17

Element with the same atomic number but different atomic mass.

Answer 17

Isotopes

Question 18

Sublevel s has how many maximum number of electrons?

Answer 18

2

Question 19

Sublevel p has how many maximum number of electrons?

Answer 19

6

Question 20

Sublevel d has how many maximum number of electrons?

Answer 20

10

Question 21

Sublevel f has how many maximum number of electrons?

Answer 21

14

Question 22

Each orbitals have a maximum of ___ electrons.

Answer 22

Two

Question 23

Modifications of the Bohr’s theory led to the theory of atomic structure which is based on _______ mechanics or wave mechanics.

Answer 23

Quantum

Question 24

This theory shows that electrons tend to occupy various energy levels designated as K,L,M,N,O etc. or 1,2,3,4, etc.

Answer 24

Schrodinger’s Wave Mechanical Model of the Atom

Question 25

Shells 1, 2, 3, and 4 corresponds to what shell letters?

Answer 25

1 = K 2 = L 3 = M 4 = N

Question 26

Shell K or 1 has _ maximum number of electrons.

Answer 26

2

Question 27

Shell L or 2 has _ maximum number of electrons.

Answer 27

8

Question 28

Shell M or 3 has _ maximum number of electrons.

Answer 28

18

Question 29

Shell N or 4 has _ maximum number of electrons.

Answer 29

32

Question 30

Proposed a model of the atom in terms of waves.

Answer 30

Quantum Theory or Waves Theory (Erwin Schrodinger)

Question 31

Paved the way for the development of the wave mechanics.

Answer 31

Heisenberg’s Theory

Question 32

This theory states that the exact position and exact location of the electron cannot be pinpointed.

Answer 32

Heisenberg’s Theory

Question 33

In the wave mechanical model, the electron can be determined only in terms of _______.

Answer 33

Orbital

Question 34

The energy state of the electron in an atom can be described by a set of numbers called the quantum numbers _, _, _, _,.

Answer 34

n, l, m, s

Question 35

Set the probability within which an electron can be found.

Answer 35

Four quantum numbers

Question 36

Describes the relative position of these energy level, their distance from nucleus and the energy of an electron.

Answer 36

Principal quantum number (n)

Question 37

Principal Quantum numbers are represented by numbers 1,2,3,4 . . . or letters _, _, _, _.

Answer 37

K, L, M, N

Question 38

Describes the shape of the orbital on the electron cloud.

Answer 38

Azimuthal/Subsidiary/Orbital quantum number

Question 39

AQN (l): Is represented by what letters?

Answer 39

s, p, d, f

Question 40

AQN (l): The value of s is?

Answer 40

0

Question 41

AQN (l): The value of p is?

Answer 41

1

Question 42

AQN (l): The value of d is?

Answer 42

2

Question 43

AQN (l): The value of f is?

Answer 43

3

Question 44

Describes the spatial orientation of the orbitals.

Answer 44

Magnetic quantum number

Question 45

It is dependent on the values of azimuthal quantum number.

Answer 45

Magnetic quantum number

Question 46

This number describes the direction the electron is spinning in a magnetic field — either clockwise or counterclockwise.

Answer 46

Spin quantum number

Question 47

The first person to come up with an idea of an atom.

Answer 47

Democritus

Question 48

He used the word “atomos”, which is a Greek word for uncuttable or smallest indivisible and indestructible particle.

Answer 48

Democritus

Question 49

He did not believe that matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms.

Answer 49

Aristotle

Question 50

He believed that matter is made out of five elements: earth, water, air, fire, and aether.

Answer 50

Aristotle

Question 51

He studies how gases combine, react, and move with temperature and pressure.

Answer 51

John Dalton

Question 52

He developed his idea called the “atomic theory.”

Answer 52

John Dalton

Question 53

He discovered that atoms could be divided, and discovered the negatively charged particle called the “electron.”

Answer 53

JJ Thompson

Question 54

He called his theory the “plum pudding model⁠.”

Answer 54

JJ Thompson

Question 55

He is responsible for the discovery of protons.

Answer 55

William Goldstein

Question 56

He fired alpha particles at a very thin sheet of gold foil.

Answer 56

Ernest Rutherford

Question 57

He discovered that the atom contained a dense center which was positively charged/had the proton.

Answer 57

Ernest Rutherford

Question 58

He discovered that the atom was made up of mostly empty space.

Answer 58

Ernest Rutherford

Question 59

His model is called the “Bohr Model of the Atom.”

Answer 59

Niels Bohr

Question 60

He found that electrons will actually travel around the atom in discrete energy levels; that electrons can never exist between energy levels.

Answer 60

Niels Bohr

Question 61

He also found that electrons can move up an energy level if they are given enough energy.

Answer 61

Niels Bohr

Question 62

He called this amount of energy as a “quantum of energy.” 

Answer 62

Niels Bohr

Question 63

He proposed that waves can act like particles, and particles can act like waves.

Answer 63

Louis De Broglie

Question 64

He suggested that electrons can better be described as waves rather than as particles.

Answer 64

Louis De Broglie

Question 65

He proposed that one of the implication of electrons behaving like waves is that you cannot know both the speed and position of an electron at the same time.

Answer 65

Werner Heisenberg

Question 66

He developed a mathematical equation to show where the electrons are located around the nucleus.

Answer 66

Erwin Schrodinger

Question 67

He showed us that with his wave equation that we can only know regions of probability of finding an electron, which is called the “electron cloud model.”

Answer 67

Erwin Schrodinger

Question 68

Erwin Schrodinger showed us that with his wave equation that we can only know regions of probability of finding an electron, which is called the “________ _____ _____.”

Answer 68

Electron Cloud Model

Question 69

He was responsible for the discovery of the neutron.

Answer 69

James Chadwick

Question 70

Identical to electron but with a positive charge.

Answer 70

Position

Question 71

Uncharged species of zero mass.

Answer 71

Neutrino

Question 72

An electron unstable particle omitted from the nucleus.

Answer 72

Betatron

Question 73

Principle: Electrons tend to occupy a lower orbital surface going to a higher energy orbital.

Answer 73

Aufbau Principle or Building up principle

Question 74

Principle: The maximum number of electrons in an orbital is two and they must be of opposite spin.

Answer 74

Paulis Exclusion Principle

Question 75

When a number of degenerate orbitals are available and there is no electron to fill up, all other orbitals to full capacity of two electrons, each member of the degenerate set receives one electron, before anyone of the set receives two electrons.

Answer 75

Hund's Rule