Solutions

Question 1

Solubility

Answer 1

Max amount of solute that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a given temp, g/100mL

Question 2

Molarity

Answer 2

Moles solute per L solution

M = mol/L

Question 3

Colligative properties

Answer 3

Properties that depend only on the number of particles, not their type
- vapor pressure lowering
- bp elevation
- freezing point depression
- osmotic pressure

Question 4

Molality

Answer 4

Moles of solute per kilogram solvent

m = mol/kg

Question 5

Vapor pressure

Answer 5

The pressure caused by the evaporation of a liquid

Question 6

Colligative property: lowering vapor pressure

Answer 6

The more solute there is, the less surface area at the top the solvent has to evaporate from; some solutes interact with the solvent, also decreasing the ability to evaporate.

Question 7

Colligative property: elevating boiling point

Answer 7

A solution boils at higher temp than a pure liquid, The more solute the higher the boiling point

Question 8

Colligative property: freezing point depression

Answer 8

A solution has a lower freezing point than a pure liquid. The more solute, the lower the fp.

Question 9

Osmotic pressure

Answer 9

The pressure that must be exerted in the more concentrated solution to stop osmosis

Question 10

Solution

Answer 10

Particles are dissolved, small (a nm or less) and can’t be filtered out

Question 11

Suspension

Answer 11

Particles are larger than a 1000 nm, settle to the bottom, and can be filtered out

Question 12

Colloid

Answer 12

An intermediate between a solution and a suspension. Particles are between 1-1000nm and don’t settle out. Tyndell effect present (light beam will be visible in the liquid)

Ex) fog (liquid in a gas solvent), marshmallow (gas in a solid solvent)