Solubility and solutions Flashcards
Practical use of the terms solvent, solute and solution
A solute dissolves in a solvent to make a solution.
what happens to solute particles when a solute dissolves in a solution
when a solute is added to a solvent, the mass of the resulting
solution increases, but the volume does not change, because when the solute dissolves, it separates into individual particles, and the
particles of solute go into spaces between the particles of the solvent.
give 2 examples of everyday solutions
-A cup of tea
SOLVENT : water
SOLUTE(S) : Tea leaves, caffeine, sugar?
-Blood
SOLVENT : water/Plasma
SOLUTE(S) : Sugars, O2, CO2, hormones
how can you determine solubility
A substance which dissolves is said to be soluble.
A substance which does not dissolve is said to be insoluble.
how does temperature affect solubility and describe an experiment in which you investigated this concept.
The higher the temperature the quicker the glucose/salt will dissolve.
Less inversions of the tube will be needed.
20 ml of water was placed in a boiling tube. 1 spatula of glucose/sodium chloride was added and a stopper was placed on the top. The boiling tube was slowly inverted until the glucose/sodium chloride had fully
dissolved. This was repeated at different temperatures.
explain the term saturated solution
A saturated solution is one which can dissolve no more solute into the solvent. This happens because there is no more space between the solvent particles for the solute to go into.
describe an experiment on how to create a saturated solution.
Spatulas of salt were added to a boiling tube with 20 cm3 water in it. After each spatula was added the boiling tube was stoppered and shaken. We watched for the crystals no longer dissolving then we had a saturated solution.
explain how crystals can be grown from a supersaturated solution
When you heat a solvent the particles gain more energy, move
faster and the spaces in between the particles are bigger. This
means that the solvent can hold more solute. When the supersaturated solution cools the spaces become smaller and the solute crystallises out. (goes back to being solid).
