Mixtures and Separating Flashcards
Explain the process of filtration
solid particles in a liquid or gaseous fluid are removed by the use of a filter medium that permits the fluid to pass through but retains the solid particles
what type of mixtures can be separated by filtration
A mixture of a liquid and an insoluble solid can be separated by filtration.
give examples of mixtures that can be separated by filtration
sand and water, chalk and water, anything insoluble in a liquid
how can a solution be separated using evaporation
A solution is placed in an evaporating basin and heated with a Bunsen burner.
The volume of the solution has decreased because some of the water has evaporated. Solid particles begin to form in the basin.
All the water has evaporated, leaving solid crystals behind.
what processes do you use to separate a sand, salt and water mixture and what do they apply to ( sand/salt )
sand - filtration
salt - evaporation
how do you calculate the concentration of salt in a litre of seawater?
weigh 20cm3 of seawater, use a bunsen to evaporate it, and then weigh the remaining salt. subtract the remaining mass of salt from the first measurement you made, of the seawater (pre-evaporation) and this will give you the mass of salt in 20cm3 of saltwater. One cm3 is one millilitre and there are 1000 milliliters in a litre so you will then multiply the mass of salt by 50.
What happens in the process of distillation
Distillation refers to the selective boiling and subsequent condensation of a component in a liquid mixture. It is a separation technique that can be used to either increase the concentration of a particular component in the mixture or to obtain (almost) pure components from the mixture
what changes of state occur in distillation
evaporation is followed by condensation. The low boiling liquid evaporates first and then condenses in the condenser
how does chromatography work
Chromatography is a method for analyzing mixtures by separating them into the chemicals from which they are made. It can be used to separate mixtures like ink, blood, gasoline, and lipstick. In ink chromatography, you are separating the colored pigments that make up the color of the pen. The different colour ink particles travel at different speeds through the filter paper because they have different masses, which allows you to see the different colours of pen ink.
meaning of the word soluble
a substance able to be dissolved, especially in water.
meaning of the word insoluble
a substance incapable of being dissolved
What is meant by the term “mixture” in a chemical sense?
It can be easily separated and the substances in the mixture are not chemically bonded.
