Solubility Flashcards
Solution is..
a mixture of 2 or more components that form a single phase that is homogenous at the molecular level.
Solute is..
the component that is dissolved in the solvent in a solution
Solvent is..
the component that usually constitutes the bulk of the solution and determine its physical state.
Concentration is..
proportion of a solute in a solution
Solubility is..
the maximum solute concentration that can be achieved for a given solute in a solvent.
an attribute of the solute
Saturation point is where..
no more solute can dissolve.
Subsaturation is
where the solute concentration is below the saturation point / its solubility.
Dissolution does not mean
high solubility
Solubility depends on: (3)
temp
pressure
pH
another’s
Like dissolves Like
2 examples:
matching characteristics
both polar / both non polar and the proportions of them
Explain the idea of polarity
highly electronegative bonded to a less electronegative
this can be predicted from structure
they allow dipole-dipole interactions, possibly hydrogen bonds and ion-dipole interactions
Gibbs free energy equation:
Delta G = Delta H - T delta S
DH = enthalpy change DS = entropy change
Enthalpy of dissolution can be…
endothermic or exothermic
According to Gibbs free energy, what affects whether something dissolves:
If DG is - (exo)
solute can dissolve
if DG is + (endo)
solute cannot dissolve
Le Chatelier’s Principle:
If a change in conditions is applied to a system in equilibrium. the equilibrium will shift to counteract the effect of the change.
this is why solubility changes.
