Solids Liquids And Gases Flashcards
KMT
Kinetic molecular theory
What does the KMT say about gases?
- Molecules are far apart with empty space between them
- Lots of energy
- no attractive forces between molecules
Because Gas molecules have lots of energy what occurs between them?
Motion of molecules are rapid and constant causing collisions. These Collisions are perfectly elastic.
Describe gas pressure using KMT
Results of simultaneous Collisions of billions of gas
Particles on an object.
What is atmospheric pressure (think KMT)
Can this vary between locations?
Collisions of air molecules.
Varies based on elevation. (Less air higher up= lower pressure)
What does a barometer measure?
Atmospheric pressure in Kpa
Describe Charles law
-Relates temperature and volume
-As the temperature of an enclosed gas increases, the volume increases.
V/T=V2/T2
Describe Boyle’s law
Relates volume and pressure
As the pressure of an enclosed gas increases the volume of the gas decreases. (Inverse=curbed graph)
P1V1=P2V2
Describe Gay-Lussac’s law
Relates pressure and temperature
As the temperature of an enclosed gas increases, the pressure increases. (With constant volume)
P1/T1=P2/T2
What is the combined gas law formula
P1V1/T1=P2V2/T2
What is Avogadros law formula
V1/N1=V2/N2
What’s the Ideal gas law
PV=nRT
What are the only two elements that are liquids at room temperature?
Mercury and Bromine
IMF
Inter molecular forces
Attractive forces between separate molecules
What does the KMT have to say about liquids
- Molecules have space between them, but are close enough to have some attractive forces.
- Molecules have some kinetic energy
- Molecules experience attractive forces that allow them to keep a definite volume.
When will liquids evaporate or vaporize?
When the molecules at the surface gain enough kinetic energy to overcome IMF’s
When will gases condense back to a liquid?
When the molecules loose energy and the IMF’s become stronger
Write a dynamic equilibrium for liquids and gases
Condensation (Liquid —->
Use the KMT to describe solids
- Particles have very little space between them, with high IMF’s
- Particles have very little kinetic energy
- High IMF’s allow solids to retain a definite shape
Malleable?
Ductile?
Malleable- can be formed or molded
Ductile- can be pulled and drawn out into wire
Whats an equilibrium for solids and liquids
Freezing (Solid——>
What’s an equilibrium for gases and solids
Deposition (Solid——>
What’s a vacuum?
Space where no particles of matter exist
Define Evaporation and vaporization
Vaporization- conversion of liquid to gas
Evaporation- vaporization on surface of a liquid
