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PHYSICS > Solids, Liquids and Gases > Flashcards

Solids, Liquids and Gases Flashcards

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1
Q

Density =

A

Mass / Volume

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2
Q

Pressure =

A

Force / Area

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3
Q

Pressure difference =

A

height x density x g

HrhoG

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4
Q

Kinetic energy is proportional to…

A

temperature

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5
Q

What is Brownian motion?

A

the random movement of particles in a fluid/gas, as a result of continuous bombardment from molecules of the surrounding medium.

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6
Q

Absolute zero =

A

0 Kelvins

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7
Q

What is absolute zero in Celsius?

A

-273

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8
Q

When Celsius is 0, what is kelvin?

A

273

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9
Q

What happens when gas particles are in a sealed container?

A

They smash against the particles walls, creating an outwards pressure

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10
Q

What happens when you heat a gas?

A

Particles move faster and have more kinetic energy

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11
Q

Are temperature and pressure proportional?

A

yes

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12
Q

P1V1=

A

P2V2

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13
Q

What are the three states of matter?

A

Solid
Liquid
Gases

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14
Q

What are the particles in solids like?

A
  • They have strong forces of attraction that hold the particles together closely in a fixed, regular arrangement.
  • They don’t have much energy so they can only vibrate about their fixed positions.
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15
Q

What are the particles in liquids like?

A
  • They have weaker forces of attraction between them.
  • They are close together, but they can move past each other, and form irregular arrangements.
  • They have more energy than particles in a solid, and move in random directions at low speed.
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16
Q

What are the particles in gases like?

A
  • There is almost no forces of attraction between the particles
  • The particles have more energy than those in liquids and solids
  • They are free to move and travel in random directions at high speed
17
Q

What happens when you heat a solid?

A

Heat energy makes the particles vibrate faster until eventually the forces between them are overcome and the particles start to move around (melting)

18
Q

What is the melting point of a chemical?

A

The temperature at which it turns from a solid to a liquid.

19
Q

What is evaporation?

A

When particles escape from a liquid and become gas particles.

20
Q

How can particles in a liquid escape and become gas particles before reaching its boiling point?

A

IF

  • The particles are travelling in the right direction to escape the liquid
  • The particles are travelling fast enough (have enough kinetic energy) to overcome the attractive forces of the other particles in the liquid
21
Q

P1/T =

A

P2/T2

PHYSICS (8 decks)

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