Solids Flashcards
Description of an ionic solid
An ionic solid is a lattice structure made up of alternating ions/ ions connected by a strong ionic bond
Description of a molecular solid
An molecular solid is a lattice structure made up of atoms connected by a weak intermolecular bond
Description of a metallic solid
A metallic solid is a lattice structure made up of metallic atoms connected by a strong metallic bond surrounded by delocalized valence electrons
Description of a giant covalent network solid
A covalent network solid is a lattice structure made up of atoms connected by covalent bonds
- high meltimg point
- conducts electricty ( has delocolises valecne electrons) (diamond and silica cannot whereas graphtie can as there are free moving electrons between the layers)
- insoluable
- not malliable and ductile as the bonds do not allow atoms to move
How do solids react to temperature
If a solid ( ionic, metallic and covalent) have strong bonds, it requires a lot of heat to break the attraction.
If the solid ( molecular) had a weak intermolecular bond, it requires less energy to break the bonds
How does electrical conductivity happen in solids
If it is in a lattice structure and ions cannot move free/ have free valence electrons ( ionic, covalent and molecular), it cannot conduct electricity
If it is surrounded by delocalized valence electrons which move freely, it can carry a charge ( metallic), it can conduct electricity
How to tell if something is mallable? or will it be birttle
If it the bonding between the ions/ atoms are directional, when it is hit, the chargers move and result in like chargers being next to each other. This causes them to repel and the lattice to break apart
If it bonding between atoms are non directional, when a force is applied, the layers of atoms can slide over one another
How to know if a solid is soluble
If it made up of atoms. Atoms have no charge so it is not attracted to the slight positive or slightly negative side of water molecules
Description of a simple covalent molecular compound
covalent molecular made up of atoms connected by weak intermolecular bonds
- low melting point
- doesn’t conduct electricity
- may be soluble depending on bond
