shapes and polarity Flashcards
Structure: N
Number of electron clouds around the centre atom
Structure: R
The electrons mutually repel around the center atom
Structure: P
Parent shape
Structure: A
The bond angle
Structure: L
Number of electron clouds which are lone pairs and number which are bond pairs
Structure: S
Final shape
Shape: 2 regions
Linear ( 180)
Shape: 3 regions
No lone pairs - trigonal planar (180)
One lone pair - bent 3 (119)
Shape: 4 regions
No lone pairs - tetrahedral ( 109.5)
One lone pair - trigonal pyramid (107)
Two lone pair - bent 4 ( 104.5)
Polarity structure:
Every Single Reindeer can Party
Polarity structure: E
Polar bonds are created by the electronegativity between two atoms ( state which is more electronegative)
Polarity structure: S
Polar bonds are symmetrically/asymmetrically arranged
Polarity structure: R
The reason for symmetry/ asymmetry
They must: all the outside atoms must be the same AND the center atom must be in the center of all the outsides atoms
Polarity structure: C
So the polar bonds cancel/ don’t
Polarity structure: P
So the molecule is polar/ non-polar
Ionic solid description
Ionic solids are made of ions connected by strong ionic bonds.
- High melting point
- Cannot conduct electricity
- Soluble in polar
- Hard and brittle
Metallic solid description
Metallic solids are made of metallic atoms connected by a strong metallic bond.
- High melting point
- Not soluble ( made of atoms which have no charge)
- Conducts electricity ( have free moving valence electrons that allow a charge to be carried)
Molecular
Molecular solids are made up of molecules connected by a weak intermolecular bond
- low melting point
- cannot conduct electrcity
- soft/ flexible or may be brittle ( but not hard)
