solid state Flashcards
_____ keep(s) molecular far
thermal e
nacl & quartz are _ solids
true
SiO2 on heating and cooling (rapidly) becomes _ and on crystallising becomes _
quartz glass, quartz
where is the valence e present in lattice of graphite
between diff layers
rank of bcc, ecc, fcc respectively
2, 2, 4
which of the 7 lattices have a=b=c?
cubic, rhombohedral/trigonal
which of the 7 lattices have all angles equal?
cubic, tetragonal, orthorhombic
which of the 7 lattices has neither any sides nor any angles equal?
triclinic
which of the 7 lattices has all sides unequal
monoclinic
all 7 lattices and the relationship between their sides and angles
.
CN of 3d structures formed using square layers
6
CN of hcp
12
no. of particles if no. of terahedral voids is 16
8
relationship between r and a for bcc, fcc and simple cubic
r=aroot3/4, aroot2/4, a/2
formula of density
M×Z/(Na×V)
PE of the 3 unit cells
simple 52%, fcc 74%, bcc 68%
types of stoichiometric defects and definitions
vacany, interstitial, schottky, frankel
rc<ra for which- schottky/frankel
frankel
metal excess and deficiency defects definition
.
colour of nacl without defect and with defect
white, yellow
colour of LiCl and KCl with defect
pink, purple
colour of LiCl and KCl with defect
pink, purple
which defect does AgBr show?
both schottky and frankel
why are solids rigit?
The constituent particles in solids have fixed positions and can oscillate about their mean positions.
Why do solids have definite volume?
Solids keep their volume because of rigidity in their structure. The interparticle forces are very strong. Moreover, the interparticle spaces are very few and small as well. As a result, their volumes cannot change by applying pressure.
why is glass considered to be super cooled liquid?
Glass is considered to be super cooled liquid because it shows some of the characteristics of liquids, though it is an amorphous solid. For example, it is slightly thicker at the bottom. This can be possible only if it has flown like liquid, though very slowly.
significance of lattice point
The lattice point denotes the position of a particular constituent in the crystal lattice. It may be atom, ion or a molecule. The arrangement of the lattice points in space is responsible for the shape of a particular crystalline solid.
What is the two-dimensional coordination number of a molecule in a square close-packed layer?
4
frenkel defect is also called-
dislocation defect
What type of defect can arise when a solid is heated? Which physical property is affected by it and in what way?
When a solid is heated, vacancy defect is produced in the crystal. On heating, some atoms or ions leave the lattice site completely, i.e., lattice sites become vacant. As a result-of this defect, density of the substances decreases.
Explain how vacancies are introduced in an ionic solid when a cation of higher valence is added as an impurity in it.
when a cation of higher valence is added as an impurity to an ionic solid, two or more cations of lower valency are replaced by a cation of higher valency to maintain electrical neutrality
What type of substances would make better permanent magnets, ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic.
ferromagnetic.
when placed in magnetic field, their domains get oriented in the directions of magnetic field and a strong magnetic field is produced. This ordering of domains persists even when external magnetic field is removed.
which type of solids are soft and have a low melting points?
molecular
which type of solids are hard and brittle and have a high melting point?
ionic
defects shown by KCl
schottky and metal excess
ferrimagnetic substance?
domains align in uneven manner
rubber and plastic are _ solids (amorphous or crystalline)
amorphous
meaning of amorphous in Greek
no form
antiferromagnetic
domains align in such a way that they cancel out e/o
what type of a solid is diamond?
network
which of the following is a conductor in solid state?
mg, TiO, I2, H2O
Mg
what compounds behave as conductors or insulator based on temp?
VO, VO2, VO3, TiO3
CrO2 shows electrical properties like _
metals
e can only occupy _ site
interstitial
charge acquired by ptye and ntype is
neutral
coordination no hcp
12
in ccp unit cell has _ tdv within
8
_ of _layer are covered by spheres of _ layer in hcp
tdv, 2nd, 3rd
order of conductivity (k) in solids
metals»insulators<semiconductors
NaCl is an example of _ system
cubic
KNO3 is a _ crystal structure
orthorhombic
