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chemistry > solid state > Flashcards

solid state Flashcards

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1
Q

the simplest unit which can repeat itself over and over again to form a lattice

A

unit cell

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2
Q

3 types of cubic unit cells

A

simple cubic, body centered cubic, face centered cubic

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3
Q

which one of the cubic unit cells is primitive

A

simple cubic

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4
Q

number of atoms in simple cubic cell

A

8

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5
Q

nearest neighbors of an atom in simple cubic unit

A

6

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6
Q

number of atoms in a bcc cell

A

9

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7
Q

nearest neighbor in bcc (Coordination Number)

A

8

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8
Q

no. of atoms in fcc structure

A

14

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9
Q

nearest neighbor in fcc

A

12

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10
Q

what is packing efficiency/ packing fraction

A

space occupied by atoms in a unit cell

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11
Q

packing fraction in simple cubic

A

52.4%

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12
Q

packing fraction in bcc

A

68%

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13
Q

packing fraction in fcc

A

74%

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14
Q

2d square closed packing pattern (scp)

A

AAAA….

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15
Q

2d hexagonal closed packing pattern (hcp)

A

ABAB….

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16
Q

3d simple cubic packing

A

AAAA….

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17
Q

3D cubic closed packing (ccp or fcc)

A

ABCABC….

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18
Q

3D hexagonal closed packing

A

ABABAB….

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19
Q

types of voids

A

triangular, tetrahedral, octahedral, cubical void

20
Q

coordination number of triangular void

A

3

21
Q

triangular void is found in

A

2d hcp

22
Q

coordination number of tetrahedral void

A

4

23
Q

tetrahedral void is found in

A

fcc, 3d hcp

24
Q

coordination number of octahedral void

A

6

25
Q

octahedral void is found in

A

fcc, 3d hcp

26
Q

coordination number of cubical void

A

8

27
Q

cubical void is found in

A

simple cubic

28
Q

size of void in descending order

A

triangular> tetrahedral> octahedral> cubical

29
Q

if number of atoms per unit cell (Z eff)= N then

A

tetrahedral void= 2N; octahedral void= N [only in 3d hcp and fcc/ccp]

30
Q

formula for density of unit cell

A 
Z x M/ Na x a3 where
Z= no. of atoms per unit cell
M= molar mass
Na= Avogadro's no.= 6 x 10^23
a= edge length (cm)
31
Q

when equal number of crystals are missing from the crystal

A

Schottky defect

32
Q

examples of Schottky defect

A

NaCl, KCl, CSCl, KBr

33
Q

when one of the ions (usually cation) is dislocated from lattice point to interstitial site

A

Frenkel/ dislocation defect

34
Q

examples of Frenkel defect

A

ZnS, AgBr, AgCl

35
Q

_______ exhibits both schottky and frenkel defects

A

AgBr

36
Q

what are the 2 stoichiometric defects

A

schottky and frenkel

37
Q

what are the 2 non stoichiometric defects

A

metal excess, metal deficient

38
Q

2 types of metal excess defects

A
  1. anion vacancy

2. extra cation

39
Q

foreign atoms that replace some of the atoms making up the solid or that squeeze into the interstices

A

impurity defect

40
Q

property of obtaining different values when observing or measuring something from different directions.

A

anisotropic

41
Q

property of obtaining same values when observing or measuring something from different directions.

A

isotropic

42
Q

what are crystalline solids

A
  • long range order
  • anisotropic
  • sharp melting point
  • eg: NaCl, quartz
43
Q

what are amorphous solids

A
  • short range order
  • isotropic
  • tendency to flow ∴ pseudo solids
  • eg: glass, rubber, plastic, quartz glass
44
Q

what is anisotropy

A

materials whose properties differ when tested in different directions

45
Q

types of crystalline solids

A

molecular
ionic
metallic
covalent

chemistry (3 decks)

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