soils part 1

Question 1

what is important in holding and retaining water in the soil

Answer 1

micropores

Question 1

What type of rock is this?

Answer 1

platy

Question 2

what is fragipan

Answer 2

a dense, nearly impermeable subsurface layer

Question 2

what is the R Horizon

Answer 2

the lowest horizon. Consists of bedrock.

Question 3

what is the study of soils called

Answer 3

pedology

Question 3

what are mature soils

Answer 3

soils with clearly defined layers

Question 4

what is a profile

Answer 4

a vertical column of soil

Question 4

what is the E Horizon

Answer 4

main feature is loss of silicate clay, iron, or aluminum, which leaves a concentration of sand and silt-sized particles

Question 4

What type of rock is this?

Answer 4

granular

Question 5

what is the C Horizon

Answer 5

also known as the substratum. May consist of less clay or other less-weathered sediments than layers above. Partially disintegrated parent material and minerals are present

Question 7

What type of rock is this?

Answer 7

Prismatic

Question 9

what is the O Horizons

Answer 9

dominated by organic material.

Question 10

What is a claypan

Answer 10

when the result is extremely compacted of soil particles

Question 11

what would cause loss of horizons

Answer 11

intense agriculture and serve erosion

Question 12

What type of rock is this?

Answer 12

Subangular blocky

Question 13

what is Permeability

Answer 13

refers to the rate of water and air movement through soil or bedrock, if present. This may be considered internal drainage. Measured in inch per hour.

Question 14

what is a caliche

Answer 14

layers cemented by calcium carbonate

Question 15

what are drainage classes

Answer 15

periods of saturation or partial saturation during the soil formation

Question 17

what is the B Horizon

Answer 17

lies directly below an A, E, or O horizon. It is referred to as the sub soil. Usually lighter colored, denser, and lower in organic matter than the upper horizons. Called the zone of accumulation because of leaching.

Question 18

what is a ironpan

Answer 18

layers cemented by iron oxide

Question 18

how many major textual class names are there?

Answer 18

12

Question 19

what is essential to the movement of gases?

Answer 19

macropores

Question 21

what plays a major role in soil formation

Answer 21

climate

Question 22

what does a healthy topsoil have

Answer 22

50% pore space

Question 23

what is leaching

Answer 23

the process by which materials move downward by water

Question 24

what is soil compaction

Answer 24

soil destruction caused by tillage, agriculture, and heavy foot and vechicle traffic

Question 25

what are horizons

Answer 25

soil layers in the profile

Question 26

What type of rock is this?

Answer 26

columnar

Question 27

what is the order of the horizons

Answer 27

O A B C R

Question 29

what are the 5 soil-forming factors?

Answer 29

1) type of parent material 2) the climate 3) plants and animals around 4) relief of land 5) the length of time the other factors have interacted

Question 30

what is the A Horizon

Answer 30

formed at surface or below O horizon. Mostly organic matter and minerals . Generally darker than lower horizons. This is where most plant root activity occurs. Maybe be called the surface layer in a soil survey called the zone of leaching.

Question 31

what is a hardpan

Answer 31

cementation of soil particles

Question 32

what is the most vulnerable to compaction

Answer 32

macropores

Question 33

what do the pans cause

Answer 33

the water to run flow horizontally through the soil until it reaches a break in the pan

Question 35

what is porosity?

Answer 35

refers the amount and size of spaces between soil or rock particles. Determines the amount of water that a soil can hold

Question 36

What type of rock is this?

Answer 36

angular blocky

Question 37

florida state soil

Answer 37

Myakka fine sand