Soil

Question 1

Soil

Answer 1

A living mixture of eroded rock and mineral nutrients

Question 2

Parent material

Answer 2

Contains weathered pieces of rock and borders the unweathered solid parent material

Question 3

Weathering

Answer 3

The breakdown or dissolution of rocks and minerals through mechanical or chemical processes

Question 4

Pore space

Answer 4

Air, water, and plant roots
50% of soil

Question 5

Sand

Answer 5

Largest soil component
72 mm

Question 6

Silt

Answer 6

Second largest soil component
.05-2 mm

Question 7

Clay

Answer 7

Smallest soil component
.002 mm

Question 8

Soil permeability

Answer 8

The ability of water and air to move through soil

Question 9

Soil horizons

Answer 9

O, A, B, and C

Question 10

O horizon

Answer 10

Organic
Decaying plant and animal tissue
Adds structural security

Question 11

A horizon

Answer 11

Organic matter and humus
Nutrient-poor
Prevelent in grasslands and forests

Question 12

B horizon

Answer 12

Zone of Maximum Accumulation
Rich in iron and aluminum

Question 13

C horizon

Answer 13

Parent material
Contains weathered pieces of rock
Borders unweathered solid parent material

Question 14

Humus

Answer 14

Dark brown/black organic substance
Made of decayed matter

Question 15

Detritus

Answer 15

All material produced by erosion and organic matter produced by decomposition

Question 16

Erosion

Answer 16

The natural process by which soil, rock, and other materials are transported to a new location

Question 17

Gully

Answer 17

Fast flowing water which gains capacity as it cuts winder and deeper ditches (gullies)

Question 18

Rill

Answer 18

Fast flowing rivulets of water forming small channels

Question 19

Sheet

Answer 19

Surface water/wind

Question 20

Salinization

Answer 20

Irrigation contains small amounts of dissolved salts
Evaporation and transpiration leave salts behind
Salt builds up in soil

Question 21

Waterlogging

Answer 21

Precipitation and irrigation water perculate downward
Water table rises