Software Development

Question 1

What is a flowchart?

Answer 1

Type of diagram that represents an algorithm, workflow, or process

Question 2

What is a sequence?

Answer 2

Refer to the specific order in which instructions are executed by a
computer

Question 3

Why are flowcharts and sequences so important?

Answer 3

▪ Enable effective planning
▪ Help in visualizing the structure of the code
▪ Enhance problem-solving skills
▪ Contribute to writing clean, maintainable code

Question 4

What is pseudocode?

Answer 4

Method of planning which allows programmers to plan out their code in
a format that is easier to understand

Question 5

Why is pseudocode important?

Answer 5

▪ It enhances clarity
▪ It simplifies debugging
▪ It promotes communication
▪ It facilitates translation into multiple programming languages

Question 6

What are 4 types of programming languages?

Answer 6

Assembly
Compiled
Interpreted
Query

Question 7

What are assembly languages?

Answer 7

Low-level languages that are the fundamental languages directly interpreted
by computer hardware

Question 8

What are compiled languages? Give examples

Answer 8

Designed to be more human-readable and are then translated into machine code through the use of a compiler

For example C, C+, and Rust

Question 9

What are interpreted languages? Give examples

Answer 9

Not converted into machine code, they are executed line by line by an
interpreter.

For example python, ruby, javascript

Question 10

What are query languages? Give an example.

Answer 10

Query languages are used to create, retrieve, update, and delete
data from database systems

SQL structured query languages

Question 11

What is a variable?

Answer 11

Variables are used to store information to be referenced and manipulated in a computer program, can be changed.

Question 12

What are constants?

Answer 12

Constants are the value remains the same throughout the entire program

Question 13

What are arrays?

Answer 13

An array is a static, fixed-size data structure, well-suited for situations where
the size of the data collection is known beforehand and doesn’t need to change

Question 14

What are vectors?

Answer 14

An extension of the concept of arrays, they can grow or shrink in size
during the execution of a program

Question 15

What is branching?

Answer 15

The decision making process for code, for example:

IF this then THAT
IF-ELSE then THAT

Question 16

What is looping?

Answer 16

It allows you to perform an action or a series of actions multiple times,
saving you from having to write repetitive code.

Question 17

What is a comparison operator?

Answer 17

▪ Compares two values and, based on that comparison, they return a boolean value, either TRUE or FALSE

Question 18

What is a logical operator?

Answer 18

Allows to test multiple conditions at once

e.g. AND returns true if both conditions being compared are true

Question 19

What is a function?

Answer 19

Segment of code designated to perform a distinct task. Can return values e.g. the answer to a sum

Question 20

What is a procedure?

Answer 20

A segment of code that performs a task but cannot return a value.

Question 21

What is an object?

Answer 21

Entity that combines data and functions into one package

A particular thing e.g. my car

Question 22

What is a class?

Answer 22

User-defined data types that act as the blueprint for individual objects, attributes and methods

A type of thing with common attributes e.g. cars

Question 23

What is a property?

Answer 23

Element that determines its state or characteristics

A bit of information about the car

Question 24

What is an attribute?

Answer 24

Specification that defines a property of an object

A specific bit of information about what the car is

Question 25

What is a method?

Answer 25

Similar to functions in procedural programming, but they are
contained within a class

A specific bit of information about what the car can do