Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Organ Systems- Rheum > Soft tissue tumors > Flashcards

Soft tissue tumors Flashcards

1
Q

____ is a benign tumor of adipose tissue.

A

lipoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is needed to really the difference between lipoma and liposarcoma?

A

Histology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the characteristic cell of liposarcoma?

A

lipoblast- bizarre nucleus and vesicles of lipid in cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

____ is the most common benign soft tissue tumor in adults.

A

lipoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

_____ is the most common malignant soft tissue tumor in adults.

A

liposarcoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the 2 types of reactive proliferations

A

nodular fasciitis and myositis ossificans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

____ is a rapidly growing, small benign fibrous proliferation on the subcutis, usually encountered as a small mass.

A

nodular fasciitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Who is nodular fasciitis most prevalent in? What is characteristic about the history?

A

Young adults– rapid growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where does nodular fasciitis commonly appear?

A

arms, esp flexor aspects of forearms, subdermal fat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where and when does mysotitis ossificans occur?

A

lower limb, blunt trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

_____ is reactive bone formation in muscle as a result of injury.

A

myositis ossificans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is seen with mysositis ossificans histologically? How is it differentiated from malignancy?

A

woven bone in granulation tissue. Bone will be well formed at periphery but immature at center. Malignancy will lack this maturation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is encompassed in superficial fibromatoses?

A

small lesions of the hand (palmar, Dupuytren contraction, knuckle pads, infantile digital fibromatoses)
Feet (planter/Ledderhose)
Penis (penile/ Peyronie)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the most common superficial fibromatoses?

A

palmar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Age group, uni or bilateral, and sex of palmar fibromatoses

A

increases over 40, men (until over 80), frequently bilateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Age group, and uni or bilateral of plantar fibromatosis

A

younger age group, bilateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What characterizes infantile digital fibromatosis?

A

peculiar inclusion like condensations of cytoplasmic actin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Penile fibromatoses are often associated with what?

A

other superifcial fibromatoses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What fingers are most commonly afftected by Dupuytrens?

A

ring and pinky

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

T of F Dupuytrens progresses slowly and is usually painless.

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What happens to the palmar aponeurosis in Dupuytrens contracture

A

becomes hyperplastic and undergoes contracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is encompassed in deep fibromatosis?

A

aggressive fibromatosis, musculoaponeurotic fibromatosis, desmoid tumors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Describe the deep fibromatosis seen in the pediatric population.

A

female, most are extra-abdominal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Describe the deep fibromatosis in pt in late 20s.

A

female, most are of abdominal wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Describe deep fibromatosis of later adult years

A

no sex presdis., fewer abdominal tumors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

T of F Deep fibromatosis tumors are large and local control can prove difficult, but despite their capacity for local aggression, deep fibromatosis do not metastasize.

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is seen with deep fibromatosis histologically?

A

bland fibroblast prolif, NOT monoclonal

28
Q

____ is a tumor of mesenchymal cell origin that is composed of malignant fibroblasts in a collagen background

A

fibrosarcoma

29
Q

Where does fibrosacroma of bone usually happen?

A

metaphysis of long bones in lower extremities like femur and tibia and pelvis.

30
Q

Age and sex of fibrosarcoma of bone

A

men, 4th decade painful

31
Q

Where and when do fibrosarcoma on soft tissue occur

A

wider age spectrum 35-55; thigh and posterior knee with ill defined margins, painless

32
Q

Describe the infantile form of fibrosarcoma

A

excellent prognosis

33
Q

Appearance of fibrosarcoma histologically

A

herringbone pattern, nuclei have spindle shaped nucleus

34
Q

____ is a noncancerous growth of dermal dendritic histiocytic cells.

A

dermatofibroma

35
Q

Dermatofibromas can arise at the site of ____

A

injury like inject bite or thorn prick. most often legs and arms.

36
Q

What do the dermatofibromas look like?

A

firm nodules that are often yellow-brown, sometimes pink, sometimes dark. A dimple forms if squeezed indicating tethering
histo: bland histocyte type cells interdigitate between normal collagen bundles

37
Q

What is dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans?

A

relatively uncommon soft tissue neoplasm with intermediate- to low-grade malignancy. Although metastasis rarely occurs, DFSP is a locally aggressive tumor with a high recurrence rate; it is a cutaneous malignancy that arises from the dermis and invades deeper subcutaneous tissue

38
Q

What is the cellular origin of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans

A

The cellular origin of DFSP is not clear. Evidence exists that supports the cellular origin being fibroblastic, histiocytic, or neuroectodermal. DFSP manifests partial features of each. Therefore, many authorities suggest pluripotential progenitor cells, such as undifferentiated mesenchymal cells, may be the origin of DFSP, because DFSP has a capacity to differentiate intoall 3cell types.

39
Q

What does dermatofibrosarcoma tumor look like (grossly and histo)

A

Grossly: umbilicated, somewhat irregular neoplasm; Histo: greater cellularity than dermatofibroma with greater cellular atypia, though without mitotic figures or necrosis

40
Q

_____ is the most common soft-tissue sarcoma occurring in late adult life.

A

malignant fibrous histiocytoma

41
Q

____ tumor contains both fibroblastlike and histiocytelike cells in varying proportions, with spindled and rounded cells exhibiting a storiform (Latin, storea, “woven mat”) arrangement

A

malignant fibrous histiocytoma

42
Q

What is the most important prognostic factor with malignant fibrous histiocytoma

A

The clinical stage of the tumor, which is defined by tumor grade, size, and presence of distant metastases

43
Q

What is the most common location of metastasis for malignant fibrous histiocytoma?

A

lung (90%), bone (8%), and liver (1%).

44
Q

The rate of metastasis for MFH varies with what?

A

the histologic subtype from 23% (myxoid) to 50% (giant cell).

45
Q

What is associated with decreased incidence of local recurrence of MFH?

A

resection with negative microscopic margins decreases

46
Q

T or F Retroperitoneal MFH have better prognosis.

A

F

47
Q

Histological appearance MFH

A

Storiform, or can be typical bizarre giant cells

48
Q

What is involved in the transition from benign to malignant FH?

A

Dermatofibroma to dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans to malignant fibrous histiocytoma
*increased cellularity, storiform

49
Q

____ have a white fish flesh appearance

A

rhabdomyosarcomas

50
Q

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a tumor made up of cancerous muscle cells called _____.

A

rhadomyoblasts

51
Q

Age group associated with RMS

A

less then 15, 2/3 are younger than 10

52
Q

RMS may arise in any muscle in the body, but the most common sites for this tumor are:

A

Adjacent to the base of the skull (parameningeal)
Around the eye (orbital)
Other sites in the head and neck, such as the nose and throat (nasopharngeal)
Arms and legs (extremities)
Urinary system and reproductive sexual organs (GU, or genitourinary: includes bladder, vagina, prostate and paratesticular sites

53
Q

Histo appearance of RMS

A

bizarre cells; elongated “strap” cells may recapitulate skeletal muscle cells. Some may even have cross striations like muscle or bizarre cells with abundant pink cytoplasm.

54
Q

______is the most common place to find leiomyomas.

A

uterus

55
Q

Why might there be necrosis and cysts with leimyomas?

A

. Not infrequently these tumors reach quite a large size; in doing so they outgrow their blood supply and may undergo areas of necrosis with ultimate formation of one or more cysts

56
Q

Describe the cells in LM

A

Cells are clonal and are estrogen sensitive

57
Q

Who does LM affect most?

A

Affect 25-40% of reproductive age women

58
Q

What happens to LM after menopause?

A

regress

59
Q

Are LM solitary or multiple?

A

either

60
Q

The typical LM has what kind of cells?

A

spindle shaped nuclei with blunt ends—they are said to be “cigar” shaped. There will be no mitotic figures and no nuclear atypia. As said before, there may be large zones of ischemic necrosis or other degenerative change

61
Q

Leiomyosarcoma can arise anywhere in the body, but is more common in the _____.

A

uterus, abdomen, pelvis

62
Q

Survival with LMS depends on what?

A

tumor size and invasiveness into other structures which affects ability to completely resect the neoplasm. Other important survival indicators include histological grade of the tumor

63
Q

T or F It is not clear whether LMS arise de novo or whether they arise in preexisiting leiomyomas.

A

T

64
Q

What would a low grade LMS look like histo? High grade?

A

low: cigar cells with mitotic figures
high: bizarre, unrecognizable smooth muscle origin

65
Q

How do sarcomas tend to spread

A

hematgenously–>lungs

Organ Systems- Rheum (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions