Soft tissue injuries test Flashcards
what are the 2 categories of soft tissue injuries
- open injuries
- closed injuries
open injuries
wounds that open one or several layers of skin, may expose other soft tissue layers and cause external bleeding
6 types of open injuries
- abrasion
- avulsion
- laceration
- incision
- puncture wound
- amputation
signs of infection
- wound not healing/ getting worse
- increased amount of pain
- wound area is warm
- fever
- pus, drainage, or discharge is coming from the wound
abrasion
an injury that occurs when several layers of skin are torn loose or totally removed
avulsion
an injury in which there is a tearing away or forceful separation of tissue structures.
-involves more than just skin
laceration
-an injury that results from a tear in the skin
-also known as a cut usually unclean
-can occur with a blunt object
incision
-a wound made by a cutting/sharp object such as scalpel, knife, scissors
-usually for surgical purposes
-clean cut
puncture wound
-an injury caused by a sharp object that penetrates the skin
-creates a tunnel-like wound
amputation
-an injury in which a part is completely cut away from the body
-loss of a limb, body part, or organ
treatment for amputation
- call 911
- clean and wash hands
- have person lie down
- remove visible objects that are easy to remove
- apply direct pressure and elevate body part
- treat for shock
- recover amputated body part and transport person
- gently rinse off dirt and debris
- wrap in dry sterile gauze and clean cloth
- place in plastic bag or waterproof container
- place on ice (do not cover or place directly on ice)
treatment for puncture wound
- clean and wash hands
- don’t remove object if it can’t be brushed away
- apply direct pressure with clean cloth
- clean wound by rinsing it clear, and gently scrub debris
- apply antibiotic ointment for 2 days
- cover wound to keep it clean
- change dressing daily
- watch for signs of infection
how can lacerations be closed
with dermabond, staples, stitches, and steri-strips (zip stitch)
when does a puncture wound need medical attention?
- keeps bleeding after a few minutes of direct pressure
- result of animal or human bite
- if deep and dirty
- caused by metal object
- if deep and to the head, neck, chest, abdomen, or genital area
- if over a joint and could be deep
- tetanus shot within the last 5 years - within 48 hours of injury
what is an adaptic non-adherent dressing used for?
-helps to protect the wound while preventing the dressing from adhering to the wound
-prevents infection while allowing the wound to breathe
what is an adaptic non-adherent dressing made of?
-knitted mesh infused with petroleum
what is an occlusive dressing used for?
used for sealing particular types of wounds and surrounding tissue from air, fluids, and harmful contaminants such as viruses and bacteria
what is an occlusive dressing made of?
waxy, non-adherent material
what are gauze dressings used for?
to bandage wounds and control bleeding
-absorbs drainage
what are gauze dressings made of?
-bleached weave of 100% cotton.
what are hydrocolloid dressings used for?
superficial wounds with low amounts of drainage.
-rehydrates necrotic tissue and assists with debridement
-creates a scab
what are occlusive dressings made of?
occlusive, waterproof dressings
what are foam dressings used for?
partial or full thickness wounds
-surgical wounds, abrasions, lacerations
at are foam dressings made of?
-foamed polymer solutions with small, open cells that can hold fluid
what is an alginate dressing used for?
to manage moderate to large amounts of exudate
what is alginate dressings made of ?
seaweed
what is hydrogel dressings used for?
dry or dehydrated wounds, abrasions, mild burns, or radiated skin damage
what are hydrogel dressings made of?
90% water in a gel base
stiches or sutures
-great for deep bleeding wounds with jagged edges, exposed fat, or muscle
-some absorb if internal
-remove in 5 or 14 days
staples
-work best for scalp, neck, arms, legs, torso, and butt
-remain for 5 to 10 days
steri-strips
-adhesive strips that are sterile
-removed after 5 to 10 days or fall off on their own
dermabond
-special glue to hold wound together
-face, arms, legs, and torso
-not good across joints or for deep cuts
-sets in 60 seconds
-fall off in 5 to 10 days
zip stich
-new product intended for at home use
-replaces what we know as the butterfly bandage
