Soft tissue and MFR

Question 1

soft tissue includes

Answer 1

fascia, muscle, organs, nerves, vasculature, lymphatic

Question 2

fascial anatomy

Answer 2

CT layers are composed of colalgen fibers (sometimes elastin) in an amorphous matrix of hydrated proteoglycans which mechanically links the collagen fiber networks in these structures

Question 3

fascia is a

Answer 3

complete system with blood supply, fluid drainage and innervations
composed of irregularly arranged fribrous elements of varying density

Question 4

fascia IS NOT

Answer 4

tendons
ligaments
aponeuroses
bone

Question 5

pannicular fascia

Answer 5

outermost layer of fascia derived from somatic mesenchyme and surrounds entire body with exception of the orifices; outer layer is adipose tissue and inner layer is membranous and adherent, generally, to the outer portion

Question 6

axial and appendicular fascia

Answer 6

internal to the pannicular layer; fused to the panniculus and surrounds all of the musscles, the periosteum of bone and peritendon of tendons

Question 7

meningeal fascia

Answer 7

surrounds the nervous system; includes the dura

Question 8

visceral fascia

Answer 8

surrounds the body cavities (pleural, pericardial and peritoneum)

Question 9

fascia is omnipotent because

Answer 9

provides for mobility and stability of the MSK system

Question 10

fascia is omniscient because

Answer 10

a bunch of receptors supply the fascia

Question 11

viscoelastic material

Answer 11

any material that deforms according to rate of loading and deformity

Question 12

stress-strain

Answer 12

stress is the force that attempts to deform a CT structure

strain is the percentage of deformation of CT

Question 13

Hysteresis

Answer 13

energy loss due to difference between loading and unloading characteristics

Question 14

creep

Answer 14

CT under a sustained, constant load will elongate or deform in response to the load

Question 15

newtons third law

Answer 15

when two bodies interact, the force exerted by one is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the forces exerted by the other

Question 16

hooke’s law

Answer 16

the strain placed on an elastic body is ion proportion to the stress (force) placed upon it

Question 17

wolff’s law

Answer 17

bone will develop according to the stressed placed upon it

Question 18

sherringtons law

Answer 18

when a muscle receives a nerve impulse to contract, its antagonists will receive, simultaneously, an impulse to relax

Question 19

Zink’s compensatory pattern: most common

Answer 19

L/R/L/R == 80% of people

Question 20

transition zones of the spine

Answer 20

OA, C1, C2
C7,T1
T12,L1
L5,Sacrum

Question 21

Transverse restrictors

Answer 21

tentorium cerebelli
thoracic inlet
thracolumbar diaphragm
pelvic diaphragm

Question 22

ST indications

Answer 22

diagnostically to identify areas of restricted motion, tissue texutre and sensitivity
feedback about tissue response to OMT
improve local and systemic immune response
provide a general state of relaxation
enhance circulation to local myofascial structures
provide a general state of tonic stimulation

Question 23

ST relative contraindications

Answer 23

severe osteoporosis

acute injuries

Question 24

ST absolute contraindicatiosn

Answer 24

fracture or dislocation
neurologic entrapment syndromes 
serious vascular compormise 
local malignancy 
local infection
bleeding disorders

Question 25

INR

Answer 25

integrated neuromusculoskeletal release
a treatment system in which combined procedures are designed tostretch and reflexively release patterned soft tissue and joint related restrictions

Question 26

REMs include

Answer 26

breath holding
prone and supine simulated swimming and pedulum arm swing maneuvers
R/L cervical rotation
Isometric limb and neck movements against table/chair

Question 27

indications of MFR

Answer 27

somatic dysfunction
when HVLA or ME are restricted
when couterstrain may be difficult secondary to a patients inability to relax

Question 28

absolute contraindications to MFR

Answer 28

lack of patient consent

absence of somatic dysfunction

Question 29

relative contraindicaitons to MFR

Answer 29

infection of soft tissue or bone
fracture, avulsion or dislocation
metastatic disease
soft tissue injuries: thermal, hematoma, or open wounds
post op patients with wound dehisence
rheumatologic conditions involving instabiliity of c spine
DVT or anticoag therapy

Question 30

activating forces (3)

Answer 30

inherent forces: using the bodies primary respiratory mechanism
Respiratory cooperation: refers to a physician directed, patient performed, inhalation or exhalation or a holding of the breath to assist with the manipulative intervention
patient cooperation: the patient is asked to move in specific directions to aid in mobilizing specific areas of restriction