Lymphatics

Question 1

lymphatic system

Answer 1

network of vessels throughout the body that carry lymph

Question 2

lymph

Answer 2

clear-yellow fluid composed of proteins, salts, fats, lymphocytes, clotting factors, bacteria, viruses

Question 3

lymph nodes

Answer 3

small masses of lymphatic tissue along the course of the vessels that fitlter lymph as it flows towards the venous system

Question 4

spleen

Answer 4

located beneath ribs 9,10,11
largest single mass of lymphoid tissue
acts as filter located between an artery and vein
no lymphatics in spleen

Question 5

thymus

Answer 5

located in superior mediastinum

involutes after puberty and becomes fatty tissue

Question 6

palatine tonsils

Answer 6

lateral pharynx

Question 7

lingual tonsils

Answer 7

posterior 1/3 of the tongue

Question 8

pharyngeal tonsils/adenoids

Answer 8

at the nasopharyngeal border

Question 9

liver

Answer 9

gate keeper of hepatobiliary pancreatic venous and lymphatic drainage
pressure sensitive organ in RUQ
1/2 of bodies lymph is formed here
clears bacteria

Question 10

virchows node

Answer 10

left supraclavicular - suspicious for intra abdominal cancer

Question 11

epi(supra)trochlear node

Answer 11

superior/psoterir to medial epicondyle

suspicious for secondary syphilis

Question 12

lymphatics channels perfuse all tissues of the body except

Answer 12

epidermis
endomysium
bone marrow
peripheral nerves

Question 13

lymphatic vessels are composed of

Answer 13

endothelium that lacks a basement membrane - therefore allows fluid, protein, bacteria, cellular debris, emuslfied fats to readily enter
valves ensure unidirectional flow

Question 14

thoracic duct

Answer 14

drains the majority of the body
empties into the venous system at the jucntion of the left internal jugular vein and the left subclavian
at T4

Question 15

cisterna chili

Answer 15

dilated collecting sac in the abdomen where the lymphatic trunks draining the lower half of the body merge
ascends from the collecting sac as the thoracic duct into the thorax
anterior to L1-L2

Question 16

right lymphatic duct

Answer 16

drains the right side of the head, neck and thorax as well as the right upper limb

Question 17

lymph fluid flow

Answer 17

arterial capillaries –> interstitium –> single cell lymphatic vessels

Question 18

functions of lymphatic system

Answer 18

fluid balance
purification and cleansing
defense
nuitrition

Question 19

lymphatic treatment indications

Answer 19

acute somatic dysfunctions
sprains, strains
edema, tissue congestion or lymphatic/venous stasis
pregnancy
certain infections
finlammation
pathologies iwth significant venous and or lymphatic congestion

Question 20

lymphaatic relative contraindications

Answer 20

cancer
certain infections
circulatory disorders 
coagulopahties
osseous fracture, dislocations, osteoporsis

Question 21

absolute lymphatic contradindications

Answer 21

anuria
necrotizing fasciitis in the treatment area
unable to tolerate
does not desire