Soft Markers

Question 1

5 most common soft markers for aneuploidy in the first or second trimester (think from head to toe)

Answer 1

1. choroid plexus cyst
2. echogenic intracardiac focus (EIF)
3. renal pyelectasis
4. echogenic bowel
5. shortened long bones

Question 2

what are the most established sonographic soft markers? (3)

Answer 2

1. increased nuchal translucency (1st trimest)
2. nuchal fold thickening (2nd trimester)
3. hypoplastic or absent nasal bone (2nd trimest)

Question 3

nuchal translucency - how do you measure it, what is abnormal?

Answer 3

inner to inner in sag

> 3mm

Question 4

aneuploidy associated with nuchal translucency. what is the most common

Answer 4

T13, T18, T21, turner syndrome, triploidy. T21 is the most common

Question 5

nuchal translucency abnormalities

Answer 5

• omphalocele
• cardiac anomalies
• renal anomalies
• congenital diaphragm herniation
• skeletal dysplasia
• aneuploidy
• smith lemli-opiz -syndrome

Question 6

nuchal fold thickness associated with trisomy

Answer 6

trisomy 21

Question 7

nuchal fold abnormal thickness

Answer 7

> 6mm

Question 8

when do you measure nuchal fold thickness

Answer 8

between 18-24 weeks

Question 9

absent/shortened fetal nasal bone associated with trisomy

Answer 9

trisomy 21

Question 10

echogenic intracardiac focus is a normal variant

Answer 10

true

Question 11

EIF associated with trisomy

Answer 11

trisomy 13 and trisomy 13

Question 12

what are the two soft markers that have associations with aneuploidy other than T21

Answer 12

EIF- 13

nuchal translucency- T13, T18, T21, turner, triploidy