Socratic Philosophers Flashcards
Socrates
Self: physical and ideal realm; immortal, unified and consistent
Man: body and soul
Plato
Soul: Appetitive, rational, spirited
St. Augustine
Man is bifurcated: imperfect (body) and immortal (soul)
Rene Descartes
“Cogito ergo sum”
John Locke
Tabula rasa (individuals are empty); experiences and perceptions establish a person’s becoming
David Hume
Self is a bundle of impressions (basic object of sensations)
Self experienced by individual is a kind of fictional self, to unify mental events
Immanuel Kant
Man is an actively engaged intellectual that synthesize all the knowledge - transcendental apperception
Thomas Aquinas
Man is composed of matter (stuff that make up everything) and form (essence)
Sigmund Freud
Provinces of the mind:
Id - pleasure-driven
Superego - conscience
Ego - mediatior
Level of consciousness:
Consciousness - surface, easy to access
Pre-consciousness - difficult to access
Unconsciousness - memories from childhood are deeply stored
Gilbert Ryle
Self is the behavior presented by the person
Paul Churchland
Self is the product of brain activity
Maurice Jean Jacque Merleau-Ponty
Mind and body are intertwined;
The world and the sense of self are emergent phenomena in the person’s becoming
