sociology papere 1

Question 1

What does social inequality refer to?

Answer 1

Disproportions in the distribution of wealth, influence, and power, or access to resources and opportunities between different social groups.

Question 2

What is the structural functionalism perspective on inequality?

Answer 2

Inequality is necessary, functional and beneficial to stabilize society.

Question 3

According to conflict theory, what causes social inequality?

Answer 3

Conflict over resources and power, exacerbated by the exploitation of the working class by the capitalist elite.

Question 4

How does symbolic interactionism view social inequality?

Answer 4

Inequality is reinforced through daily interactions and societal expectations, with stereotypes and stigma playing significant roles.

Question 5

How do gender differences contribute to social inequality?

Answer 5

Men and women experience stages of life, rights, opportunities, and rewards differently.

Question 6

What role does systemic racism play in racial inequality?

Answer 6

It is a key factor that affects the distinct experiences of privilege, power, and social justice among racial and ethnic groups.

Question 7

What impact does homophobia and heterosexism have on social inequality?

Answer 7

They create differences in power and social status among individuals of different sexual orientations.

Question 8

What challenges do people with disabilities face in relation to social inequality?

Answer 8

They often face additional barriers, leading to power imbalances, different resource access, and increased vulnerability.

Question 9

What does the feminist approach argue regarding women’s social inequality?

Answer 9

Gendered social roles, reproductive biology, sexual oppression, and patriarchal ideologies are key factors.

Question 10

What is the focus of the postmodern perspective on social inequality?

Answer 10

It emphasizes identity, difference, and diversity, highlighting how marginalisation and exclusion can lead to inequality.

Question 11

Define intersectionality.

Answer 11

The overlapping and interconnected nature of social categorizations such as race, gender, and class.

Question 12

What does the global comparison approach seek to achieve?

Answer 12

It draws comparisons between different countries or regions to identify patterns and insights about socially constructed inequality.

Question 13

Fill in the blank: Inequality is reinforced through __________ interactions and societal expectations.

Answer 13

daily

Question 14

True or False: The structural functionalism perspective sees inequality as harmful to society.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

What is age-based inequality?

Answer 15

Age-based inequality refers to differential opportunities and social experiences that individuals have at different stages of their life due to their age.

Question 16

What does the life course perspective argue?

Answer 16

The life course perspective argues that ageing and life stages are social constructs, and that the social, economic, and cultural factors experienced throughout life affect individuals’ opportunities and outcomes.

Question 17

What is ageism?

Answer 17

Ageism is a systemic form of discrimination and prejudice against individuals based on their age.

Question 18

How does education relate to age-based inequality?

Answer 18

Access to and quality of education can vary significantly with age, impacting later life chances.

Question 19

What is the impact of age on employment?

Answer 19

Age discrimination in the workplace often impacts both the youngest and oldest workers.

Question 20

How does income vary with age?

Answer 20

Earning capability often varies with life stages, where younger people typically earn less than their middle-aged counterparts.

Question 21

What role does age play in health outcomes?

Answer 21

Age is a significant factor in health outcomes, with older individuals often facing more health problems.

Question 22

How does age affect social participation?

Answer 22

Age can impact social inclusion, especially for older people who may face societal marginalisation.

Question 23

What is the youth and age dichotomy?

Answer 23

Society often constructs youth and age as opposing concepts, potentially marginalising those considered too young or old.

Question 24

What is the structural lag perspective?

Answer 24

The structural lag perspective suggests that societal structures and attitudes can lag behind changes in life expectancy and older people’s potentials.

Question 25

How do pension and retirement age relate to age-based inequality?

Answer 25

Debate over pension rights and a shifting retirement age can reinforce age-based inequality.

Question 26

How do government policies influence age-based inequality?

Answer 26

Policies regarding social security, healthcare, and welfare can have differential impacts on different age groups.